Partisi Hard Disk
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Partisi Hard Disk Pada dasarnya MBR (Master Boot Record) hanya menampung 4 entri (1 entri=16 byte) untuk partisi, artinya maksimal memang cuma bisa menandai 4 partisi primer. Dalam entri ini secara explisit ditetapkan "apa" jenis partisinya. Dari Norton Utility (dan sumber lainnya) beberapa Partition ID adalah: 01 = DOS FAT12, 01=DOS FAT12 (Hidden) 02 = Xenix 04 = DOS FAT16, 14=DOS FAT16 (Hidden) 05 = Extended, 15=Extended (Hidden) 06 = BIGDOS (>32M), 16=BIGDOS (Hidden) 07 = HPFS/NTFS, 17=HPFS/NTFS (Hidden) 08 = Split A0 = Phoenix Power Mgt. 0B = FAT32, 1B=FAT32 (Hidden) 0C = FAT32 (LBA), 1C=FAT32-LBA (Hidden) 0E = BIGDOS (LBA), 1E=BIGDOS-LBA (Hidden) 0F = Extended (LBA), 1F=Extended-LBA (Hidden) 40 = VENIX, 50=DM, 52,DB=CPM, 56=GB, 63=386/Unix 64 = Net286, 64=Net386 75 = PCIX 0A = OS2 61 = Speed 63 = UNIX SysV/386/386ix 65 = Novell Netware 3.11 77 = QNX 4.x, 78=QNY 4.x, 79=QNZ 4.x 80 = MINIX, 81=Linux, 82=Linux-Swap, Solaris-x86, 83=Linux EXT2FS, 85=Linux Extended 93 = Amoeba A5 = FreeBSD, BSD386, 9F=BSDi EB = BeOS F0 = BOOT MANAGER, F2=DOSSEC FF = Xenix, BadBlock Table Bisa dilihat diatas bahwa beberapa ID "tabrakan". Yang disebut Extended Partition (EP) itu, ID=05 atau 0F, di MBR sendiri, ditandai/diperlakukan sama saja dengan partisi primer lainnya, cuma sistem operasi yang memperlakukannya berbeda. Blok yang dialokasikan oleh EP ini selanjutnya bisa dibagi-bagi menjadi beberapa (virtual) drive, jadi tujuan adanya EP ini (jelas) adalah untuk menghindari limit batasan maks. 4 partisi di MBR. Dari ke-4 entri tersebut hanya 1 yang bisa diset-Aktif (or either weird things might happen). Partisi serta Sistem Operasi ini-lah yang akan jadi default untuk kita gunakan. Hati2, lupa mengeset-Aktif salah satu partisi merupakan kesalahan yang cukup sering terjadi. Pada umumnya (common usage) tipikal pengalokasian Hard-Disk adalah 2 entri di MBR, 1 entri FAT32 untuk Windows, satunya lagi EP (yang kemudian dibagi lagi menjadi 1 atau 2 virtual drive) sehingga terdapat drive C, D dan E. Diatas itu bukan salah nulis: dibagi 1 :). DOS akan mengenali partisi pertama *yang diset-Aktif* di Hard- Disk pertama sebagai drive C:, jika terdapat lebih dari satu Hard-Disk, maka partisi pertama di Hard-Disk kedua menjadi drive D:, Hard-Disk ketiga sebagai E: dan selanjutnya, kemudian balik lagi ke Hard-Disk pertama dan dienumerasi seluruhnya mis. drive F:, G:, H: dan I: (4 drive di EP), kemudian ke Hard-Disk kedua, ketiga dst. (lihat Custom Windows XP Setup) Kebanyakan Sistem Operasi DOS/NTFS/HPFS etc. meminta sedikitnya 1 entri di MBR, FreeBSD (standardnya) 2 entri, sementara Linux (EXT2FS), bisa ditempatkan di mana saja pada virtual drive EP. Perlu diperhatikan juga bahwa Partisi DOS, NT dan Linux *harus* ditempatkan dibawah limit 8G (1024 cylinder) agar bisa melakukan booting. Linux bisa mengatasinya dengan Loadlin. Batasan untuk OS lama malah lebih kecil, yaitu sekitar 2 GB. Meskipun terdapat beberapa *fancy* OS manager di pasaran, saya tidak menyarankan (discouraging) kepada anda untuk memakainya, lebih baik menggunakan standar MBR yang diberikan OS tersebut. semoga bermanfaat, aa, aa.delphi@yahoo.com
Windows XP Custom Setup
; ; Copyright 2003-2007, Adrian H and Ray AF ; PT SoftIndo - Jakarta, Technical Documentation ; http://www.softindo.net ; All rights reserved ; ; Last revision: 20070505 [Data] AutoPartition=1 MSDOSInitiated=1 UnattendedInstall=No OriSrc=H:\OS\WINXPSP2\I386 OriTyp=3 Floppyless=1 ; ; To install XP *exactly* in the specific drive, we should set AutoPartition=1 ; in WINNT.SIF or unattended-file answer ; ; Then we have to manipulates partitions (be extremely careful!) as necessary ; until setup finds that *the only* available/vacant partition is the one which ; we want the System to be reside on. ; ; for example, given the partition layout below ; : par1 par2 par4 (extended partition) par3 ; ------- ------ ------------------------------------------ ------ ; [ C: ] [ ] [ E: | F: | G: | | H: ] [ ] ; DIKS1 [ FAT16 ] [ UFS1 ] [ FAT32 | FAT32 | FAT32 | Ext2 | FAT32 ] [ UFS2 ] ; L: N: M: ; ; [ D: ] [ ] [ I: | J: | | | hidden ] [ ] ; DISK2 [ FAT32 ] [ Ext3 ] [ FAT32 | FAT32 | *empty* | Swap | NTFS ] [ UFS3 ] ; O: (S:) Q: R: P: ; ; XP will be installed in *empty* space as drive S: ; ; ; Drive letter assignment rule: ; ; - first, XP setup will enumerate all recognized partition types (FAT16, ; FAT32 and NTFS) starting from drive letter C by order as follows: ; 1. the first active partitions on all physical disks starting from ; disk0 (hardware assigned: IDE0,IDE1.., vertically) ; 2. the rest of drive letters, if any, on each physical disk starting ; from disk0 (horizontally first) ; ; - then any unknown partitions will be given drive-ID according to the ; second pattern above (enumerating horizontally first on one physical ; disk before go to the next disk), also the primary partitions here ; will get the first order/precedence before extended partition. ; ; important! When switching from known to unknown partitions enumeration, ; the drive letter will be skipped by one. ; (in above example, drive K: is missing) ; ; ; Originally, XP Setup will automatically install the operating system on ; the temp drive or any of first drive it found which have available space ; for operating system. ; ; To avoid XP setup for installing the operating system in a specific drive ; (which have plenty space on it), we should hide its partition by change ; the partition-ID on its respective partition table to anything unrecognizable ; by setup (such as A5=FreeBSD or 82=Linux Swap). Although XP setup knew ; if one partition actually has FAT/NTFS (since it look at the boot sector), ; it will not install the operating system there. ; ; If by one or the other reason some drives could not be hidden, as it did ; with boot drive (C:), the simplest solution is by making some dummy files ; to fill the space up until some limit which XP Setup refused to put the ; operating system in on the drive (check out the accompanying utility: ; FILLER.COM for fast creating dummy files). ; We could also resize the partition size by using some tools such as ; Symantec's Partition Magic, just remember that apart from its cumbersome ; and danger, it will also left some empty space on the disk (which might ; or might not be expected). ; ;