Partisi Hard Disk

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Partisi Hard Disk

Pada dasarnya MBR (Master Boot Record) hanya menampung 4 entri
(1 entri=16 byte) untuk partisi, artinya maksimal memang cuma
bisa menandai 4 partisi primer.
Dalam entri ini secara explisit ditetapkan "apa" jenis partisinya.

Dari Norton Utility (dan sumber lainnya) beberapa Partition ID adalah:

01 = DOS FAT12, 01=DOS FAT12 (Hidden)
02 = Xenix
04 = DOS FAT16, 14=DOS FAT16 (Hidden)
05 = Extended, 15=Extended (Hidden)
06 = BIGDOS (>32M), 16=BIGDOS (Hidden)
07 = HPFS/NTFS, 17=HPFS/NTFS (Hidden)
08 = Split
A0 = Phoenix Power Mgt.
0B = FAT32, 1B=FAT32 (Hidden)
0C = FAT32 (LBA), 1C=FAT32-LBA (Hidden)
0E = BIGDOS (LBA), 1E=BIGDOS-LBA (Hidden)
0F = Extended (LBA), 1F=Extended-LBA (Hidden)
40 = VENIX, 50=DM, 52,DB=CPM, 56=GB, 63=386/Unix
64 = Net286, 64=Net386
75 = PCIX
0A = OS2
61 = Speed
63 = UNIX SysV/386/386ix
65 = Novell Netware 3.11
77 = QNX 4.x, 78=QNY 4.x, 79=QNZ 4.x
80 = MINIX, 81=Linux, 82=Linux-Swap, Solaris-x86, 83=Linux EXT2FS, 85=Linux Extended
93 = Amoeba
A5 = FreeBSD, BSD386, 9F=BSDi
EB = BeOS
F0 = BOOT MANAGER, F2=DOSSEC
FF = Xenix, BadBlock Table

Bisa dilihat diatas bahwa beberapa ID "tabrakan".

Yang disebut Extended Partition (EP) itu, ID=05 atau 0F,
di MBR sendiri, ditandai/diperlakukan sama saja dengan
partisi primer lainnya, cuma sistem operasi yang
memperlakukannya berbeda. Blok yang dialokasikan oleh EP ini
selanjutnya bisa dibagi-bagi menjadi beberapa (virtual) drive,
jadi tujuan adanya EP ini (jelas) adalah untuk menghindari
limit batasan maks. 4 partisi di MBR.

Dari ke-4 entri tersebut hanya 1 yang bisa diset-Aktif
(or either weird things might happen). Partisi serta Sistem
Operasi ini-lah yang akan jadi default untuk kita gunakan.
Hati2, lupa mengeset-Aktif salah satu partisi merupakan
kesalahan yang cukup sering terjadi.

Pada umumnya (common usage) tipikal pengalokasian Hard-Disk
adalah 2 entri di MBR, 1 entri FAT32 untuk Windows, satunya
lagi EP (yang kemudian dibagi lagi menjadi 1 atau 2 virtual
drive) sehingga terdapat drive C, D dan E.
Diatas itu bukan salah nulis: dibagi 1 :).

DOS akan mengenali partisi pertama *yang diset-Aktif* di Hard-
Disk pertama sebagai drive C:, jika terdapat lebih dari satu
Hard-Disk, maka partisi pertama di Hard-Disk kedua menjadi
drive D:, Hard-Disk ketiga sebagai E: dan selanjutnya, kemudian
balik lagi ke Hard-Disk pertama dan dienumerasi seluruhnya
mis. drive F:, G:, H: dan I: (4 drive di EP), kemudian ke
Hard-Disk kedua, ketiga dst. (lihat Custom Windows XP Setup)

Kebanyakan Sistem Operasi DOS/NTFS/HPFS etc. meminta
sedikitnya 1 entri di MBR, FreeBSD (standardnya) 2 entri,
sementara Linux (EXT2FS), bisa ditempatkan di mana saja
pada virtual drive EP.

Perlu diperhatikan juga bahwa Partisi DOS, NT dan Linux
*harus* ditempatkan dibawah limit 8G (1024 cylinder) agar
bisa melakukan booting. Linux bisa mengatasinya dengan Loadlin.
Batasan untuk OS lama malah lebih kecil, yaitu sekitar 2 GB.

Meskipun terdapat beberapa *fancy* OS manager di pasaran,
saya tidak menyarankan (discouraging) kepada anda untuk memakainya,
lebih baik menggunakan standar MBR yang diberikan OS tersebut.


semoga bermanfaat,
aa, aa.delphi@yahoo.com


Windows XP Custom Setup

;
; Copyright 2003-2007, Adrian H and Ray AF
; PT SoftIndo - Jakarta, Technical Documentation
; http://www.softindo.net
; All rights reserved
;
; Last revision: 20070505

[Data]
AutoPartition=1
MSDOSInitiated=1
UnattendedInstall=No
OriSrc=H:\OS\WINXPSP2\I386
OriTyp=3
Floppyless=1

;
; To install XP *exactly* in the specific drive, we should set AutoPartition=1
; in WINNT.SIF or unattended-file answer
;
; Then we have to manipulates partitions (be extremely careful!) as necessary
; until setup finds that *the only* available/vacant partition is the one which
; we want the System to be reside on.
;
; for example, given the partition layout below
;
:         par1      par2     par4 (extended partition)                    par3
;        -------   ------   ------------------------------------------   ------
;       [ C:    ] [      ] [ E:    | F:    | G:      |      | H:      ] [      ]
; DIKS1 [ FAT16 ] [ UFS1 ] [ FAT32 | FAT32 | FAT32   | Ext2 | FAT32   ] [ UFS2 ]
;                   L:                                 N:                 M:
;
;       [ D:    ] [      ] [ I:    | J:    |         |      | hidden  ] [      ]
; DISK2 [ FAT32 ] [ Ext3 ] [ FAT32 | FAT32 | *empty* | Swap | NTFS    ] [ UFS3 ]
;                   O:                        (S:)     Q:     R:          P:
;
; XP will be installed in *empty* space as drive S:
;
;
; Drive letter assignment rule:
;
; - first, XP setup will enumerate all recognized partition types (FAT16,
;   FAT32 and NTFS) starting from drive letter C by order as follows:
;   1. the first active partitions on all physical disks starting from
;      disk0 (hardware assigned: IDE0,IDE1.., vertically)
;   2. the rest of drive letters, if any, on each physical disk starting
;      from disk0 (horizontally first)
;
; - then any unknown partitions will be given drive-ID according to the
;   second pattern above (enumerating horizontally first on one physical
;   disk before go to the next disk), also the primary partitions here
;   will get the first order/precedence before extended partition.
;
;   important! When switching from known to unknown partitions enumeration,
;   the drive letter will be skipped by one.
;   (in above example, drive K: is missing)
;
;
; Originally, XP Setup will automatically install the operating system on
; the temp drive or any of first drive it found which have available space
; for operating system.
;
; To avoid XP setup for installing the operating system in a specific drive
; (which have plenty space on it), we should hide its partition by change
; the partition-ID on its respective partition table to anything unrecognizable
; by setup (such as A5=FreeBSD or 82=Linux Swap). Although XP setup knew
; if one partition actually has FAT/NTFS (since it look at the boot sector),
; it will not install the operating system there.
;
; If by one or the other reason some drives could not be hidden, as it did
; with boot drive (C:), the simplest solution is by making some dummy files
; to fill the space up until some limit which XP Setup refused to put the
; operating system in on the drive (check out the accompanying utility:
; FILLER.COM for fast creating dummy files).
; We could also resize the partition size by using some tools such as
; Symantec's Partition Magic, just remember that apart from its cumbersome
; and danger, it will also left some empty space on the disk (which might
; or might not be expected).
;
;


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