Android: Inisialiasi Build Environment
Pada bagian ini akan di jelaskan bagaimana membuat lingkungan kerja kita, bagaimana cara menggunakan repo untuk mengambil file Android, bagaimana build file di mesin kita. Untuk build dari Android source, kita butuh mengggunakan Linux atau Mac OS. Windows sama sekali tidak di dukung.
CATATAN: Download source saat ini sekitar 6Gbyte. Kita membutuhkan sekitar 25Gbyte free untuk satu build, dan sampai 90+ GB untuk build penuh.
Memilih Brach
Beberapa persyaratan untuk build environment di tentukan oleh versi source code mana yang akan kita compole. Kita dapat melihat Build Number untuk daftar lengkap dari branch yang akan kita pilih. Kita juga dapat download dan build dari source code terakhir ("master"),
Some of the requirements for your build environment are determined by which version of the source code you plan to compile. See Build Numbers for a full listing of branches you may choose from. You may also choose to download and build the latest source code (called "master"), in which case you will simply omit the branch specification when you initialize the repository.
Once you have selected a branch, follow the appropriate instructions below to set up your build environment.
Setting up a Linux build environment
These instructions apply to all branches, including master.
The Android build is routinely tested in house on recent versions of Ubuntu LTS (10.04), but most distributions should have the required build tools available. Reports of successes or failures on other distributions are welcome.
For Gingerbread (2.3.x) and newer versions, including the master branch, a 64-bit environment is required. Older versions can be compiled on 32-bit systems.
Note: It is also possible to build Android in a virtual machine. If you are running Linux in a virtual machine, you will need at least 16GB of RAM/swap and 30GB or more of disk space in order to build the Android tree.
In general you will need:
Python 2.5 -- 2.7, which you can download from python.org. GNU Make 3.81 -- 3.82, which you can download from gnu.org, JDK 6 if you wish to build Gingerbread or newer; JDK 5 for Froyo or older. You can download both from java.sun.com. Git 1.7 or newer. You can find it at git-scm.com.
Detailed instructions for Ubuntu 10.04+ follow.
Installing the JDK
The Sun JDK is no longer in Ubuntu's main package repository. In order to download it, you need to add the appropriate repository and indicate to the system which JDK should be used.
Java 6: for Gingerbread and newer
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ lucid partner" $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk
Java 5: for Froyo and older
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main multiverse" $ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main multiverse" $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jdk
Note: The lunch command in the build step will ensure that the Sun JDK is used instead of any previously installed JDK.
Installing required packages (Ubuntu 10.04 -- 11.10)
You will need a 64-bit version of Ubuntu. Ubuntu 10.04 is recommended. Building using a newer version of Ubuntu is currently only experimentally supported and is not guaranteed to work on branches other than master.
$ sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \ zip curl zlib1g-dev libc6-dev lib32ncurses5-dev ia32-libs \ x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev lib32readline5-dev lib32z-dev \ libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos python-markdown \ libxml2-utils xsltproc
On Ubuntu 10.10:
$ sudo ln -s /usr/lib32/mesa/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib32/mesa/libGL.so
On Ubuntu 11.10:
$ sudo apt-get install libx11-dev:i386
Installing required packages (Ubuntu 12.04)
Building on Ubuntu 12.04 is currently only experimentally supported and is not guaranteed to work on branches other than master.
$ sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \ zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev \ libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 \ libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 openjdk-6-jdk tofrodos \ python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386 $ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so
Configuring USB Access
Under GNU/linux systems (and specifically under Ubuntu systems), regular users can't directly access USB devices by default. The system needs to be configured to allow such access.
The recommended approach is to create a file /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules (as the root user) and to copy the following lines in it. <username> must be replaced by the actual username of the user who is authorized to access the phones over USB.
# adb protocol on passion (Nexus One)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e12", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on passion (Nexus One)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0bb4", ATTR{idProduct}=="0fff", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on crespo/crespo4g (Nexus S)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e22", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on crespo/crespo4g (Nexus S)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e20", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on stingray/wingray (Xoom)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="22b8", ATTR{idProduct}=="70a9", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on stingray/wingray (Xoom)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="708c", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on maguro/toro (Galaxy Nexus)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04e8", ATTR{idProduct}=="6860", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on maguro/toro (Galaxy Nexus)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e30", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d101", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d022", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# usbboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d00f", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# usbboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard ES)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d010", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
Those new rules take effect the next time a device is plugged in. It might therefore be necessary to unplug the device and plug it back into the computer.
This is known to work on both Ubuntu Hardy Heron (8.04.x LTS) and Lucid Lynx (10.04.x LTS). Other versions of Ubuntu or other variants of GNU/linux might require different configurations.
Setting up ccache
You can optionally tell the build to use the ccache compilation tool. Ccache acts as a compiler cache that can be used to speed-up rebuilds. This works very well if you do "make clean" often, or if you frequently switch between different build products.
Put the following in your .bashrc or equivalent.
export USE_CCACHE=1
By default the cache will be stored in ~/.ccache. If your home directory is on NFS or some other non-local filesystem, you will want to specify the directory in your .bashrc as well.
export CCACHE_DIR=<path-to-your-cache-directory>
The suggested cache size is 50-100GB. You will need to run the following command once you have downloaded the source code.
prebuilt/linux-x86/ccache/ccache -M 50G
This setting is stored in the CCACHE_DIR and is persistent. Using a separate output directory
By default, the output of each build is stored in the out/ subdirectory of the matching source tree.
On some machines with multiple storage devices, builds are faster when storing the source files and the output on separate volumes. For additional performance, the output can be stored on a filesystem optimized for speed instead of crash robustness, since all files can be re-generated in case of filesystem corruption.
To set this up, export the OUT_DIR_COMMON_BASE variable to point to the location where your output directories will be stored.
export OUT_DIR_COMMON_BASE=<path-to-your-out-directory>
The output directory for each separate source tree will be named after the directory holding the source tree.
For instance, if you have source trees as /source/master1 and /source/master2 and OUT_DIR_COMMON_BASE is set to /output, the output directories will be /output/master1 and /output/master2.
It's important in that case to not have multiple source trees stored in directories that have the same name, as those would end up sharing an output directory, with unpredictable results.
This is only supported on branches newer than 4.0.x (IceCreamSandwich). Setting up a Mac OS X build environment
In a default installation, OS X runs on a case-preserving but case-insensitive filesystem. This type of filesystem is not supported b