ADS-B: PiAware
sumber: https://flightaware.com/adsb/piaware/build
Do you want to build your own FlightAware PiAware ADS-B Ground Station?
You can now build and run your own ADS-B ground station that can be installed anywhere and receive real-time data directly from airplanes on your computer.
Your ground station can run FlightAware's PiAware software to track flights within 100-300 miles (line of sight, range depending on antenna installation) and will automatically feed data to FlightAware. You can track flights directly off your PiAware device or via FlightAware.com. As a thank you from FlightAware, users sending ADS-B data receive the following:
Live data on flightaware.com (subject to standard data processing delay of up to two minutes) Access to up-to-the-second live data received by the local device (accessible from the stats page with a local network connection) Data from local device highlighted on FlightAware track logs Detailed statistics on site performance A free Enterprise Account (USD89.95/mo value)
Getting started is fast and easy! Using the instructions below, the process should take about 2 hours hours and the parts cost about USD100/EUR80. New to building a PiAware? Check out the instructions for beginners. Already running dump1090 on a Raspberry Pi? View the PiAware installation page to install the latest version on your Pi. FlightAware PiAware: Skyview ADS-B software web interface 1PiAware Shopping List
To build a PiAware, you must obtain the following components:
Raspberry Pi 3
Raspberry Pi 2 can be used but a USB Wi-Fi adapter will be needed to connect to the internet wirelessly
Raspberry Pi Zero W can also be used
Power supply for the Raspberry Pi
5.1 Volts 2.5 Amps power supply recommended
Micro SD Card (size: 8 GB or larger)
Micro SD card reader
If your computer does not have a built-in SD card reader/writer, you will need the optional USB SD card reader/writer.
RTL-SDR USB adapter (FlightAware Pro Stick or Pro Stick Plus recommended)
The USB adapter translates the 1090 MHz radio signal into something the computer can understand
Hint: If you are choosing between the FlightAware Pro Stick and the Pro Stick Plus remember the Plus has an on-board filter that works well in locations that have a lot of radio noise, such as urban environments.
1090 MHz Antenna
An indoor antenna can be purchased to start. If using the FlightAware USB adapter be sure the antenna has an SMA connector.
Additionally, you can choose to purchase or find the following items but they are not required.
Micro SD Card pre-loaded with PiAware
Skip the step to program the micro SD card
Raspberry Pi Case
Protect the Raspberry Pi from shorts
Ethernet Cable
This is needed if not using Wi-Fi
1090 MHz Signal Filter
If you live in an urban environment or a location that has a lot of radio noise this will help filter out that excess signal
200 joules Surge Suppressor
The Raspberry Pi is vulnerable to voltage spikes so consider a surge protector to prevent damage.
If you are in an area known for high voltage spikes consider an 800 joules surge protector
The parts to make a PiAware box are available everywhere in the world, but vendors and availability vary by country. A shopping list with helpful links is available for Indonesia below; please let us know on our discussion forums if you find better vendors for your country. Alternately please view these alternate instructions:
Argentina | Australia | Canada | Germany | France | India | Mexico | Norway | People's Republic of China | Russia | South Africa | South Korea | Thailand | Turkey | United Kingdom | United States Required
Raspberry Pi 3 Computer (DX) $45.00 5V 2.5A Micro USB Power Supply for Raspberry Pi (DX) $18.00 32 GB MicroSD Memory Card Class 10 (DX) $11.00 FlightAware Pro Stick USB ADS-B Receiver (eBay) $25.00 Indoor Antenna MCX plug with a SMA adapter (eBay) $5.00
Optional
FlightAware Pro Stick Plus USB ADS-B Receiver (eBay) $21.00 ADS-B (DVB-T) NESDR Mini 2 Receiver USB Dongle with Indoor Antenna (eBay) $23.00 Case for Raspberry Pi 3 with Fan (DX) $9.00 ADS-B 1090MHz Band-pass SMA RF Filter (eBay) $25.00 USB 2.0 Flash Memory Card Reader MicroSD (DX) $3.00 Standard USB Keyboard (Amazon) $10.00 EDUP 150 Mbps Wireless USB Adapter (DX) $12.00 3ft Ethernet Cable (Amazon) $3.00 USB Extension Cord (3ft/1m) for Wi-Fi Adapter (Amazon) $5.00 1090MHz filter + preamp (Nevis Computers) £50.00 Adapter (for 1090MHz filter + preamp) (Nevis Computers) £4.00 Adapter for Outdoor Cable to Dongle (MCX Right Angle Male to N Female Straight) (eBay) $7.00 LMR240 Outdoor Cable: Connector A: N Plug/Male - Straight to Connector B: N Plug/Male - Straight (AIR802) $21.00 FlightAware Pro Stick USB ADS-B Receiver + Cable + Filter + Antenna (eBay) $120.00 8GB PiAware pre-loaded MicroSD Card (eBay) $16.00 Pre-built complete PiAware kit (pre-loaded Pi, Pro Stick, filter, and power/cables) with indoor antenna (eBay) $150.00 Pre-built complete PiAware kit (pre-loaded Pi, Pro Stick, filter, and power/cables) with outdoor antenna (eBay) $200.00 200 joules Surge Protector (Amazon) $9.00
2Install PiAware on your SD card
Correct Drive Be sure to choose the correct drive to install the image Windows
Download PiAware on Raspbian Linux 3.5.0 ZIP (320MB) and save the file on your computer.
Clicking on the link will automatically download the file into the download folder.
Go to https://etcher.io/ download the SD card writer (approx 80MB) and follow the directions to install the program.
Information on your Windows operating system can be found under: Control Panel\\All Control Panel Items\\System. View the Control Panel with small icons to see all the Control Panel options.
Control Panel -> All Control Panel Items -> System
Open Etcher.
Etcher may need to be run as administrator (right-click, \"Run as Administrator\").
Windows 'Run as Administrator'
Select the PiAware zip file.
Select the correct Micro SD card USB drive carefully, the process will overwrite any data on the drive and people have lost years worth of pictures accidentally. Consider removing external hard drives and other devices to avoid accidentally overwriting the data.
Confirm the drive on the 'My Computer' screen. The below image shows the micro SD card as 'Removable Disk F:'.
Etcher Icon
Once you are sure the correct drive is chosen press 'Flash!'.
After PiAware is installed Etcher should automatically eject the SD card, if not manually eject the SD card and remove from the computer.
Etcher Flash Complete
Mac OS X
Download PiAware on Raspbian Linux 3.5.0 ZIP (320MB) and save the file on your computer.
Clicking on the link will automatically download the file into the download folder.
Go to https://etcher.io/ download the SD card writer (approx 80MB) and follow the directions to install the program.
Etcher download
Open Etcher.
The program may need to be run as administrator (control+open application)
Etcher Icon
Select the PiAware zip file.
Select the correct Micro SD card USB drive carefully, the process will overwrite any data on the drive and people have lost years worth of pictures accidentally. Consider removing external hard drives and other devices to avoid accidentally overwriting the data.
Confirm the drive on the 'Finder' screen. The below image shows the micro SD card as 'NO NAME'.
NO NAME
Administrative privileges on the computer will be needed, sign into an administrative account if a prompt appears.
Once you are sure the correct drive is chosen press 'Flash!'.
After PiAware is installed Etcher should automatically eject the SD card, if not manually eject the SD card and remove from the computer.
Etcher Flash Complete
3Optional: Enable Wi-Fi
If on board Wi-Fi or a USB adapter will be used to connect to the internet you will need to edit the configuration file. Etcher will automatically eject the Micro SD card after formatting, physically remove the Micro SD card or USB adapter and plug it back into the computer to edit the configuration file.
The configuration file allows the user to configure and set the following
Wired network
Wireless (WiFi) network
PiAware supports unencrypted networks or WPA/WPA2 encrypted networks; WEP is not supported
Automatic or manual updates*
Multilateration (MLAT) output*
Receiver type (RTL-SDR, Beast, Radarcape or other Mode S/ADS-B source)
RTL-SDR gain, PPM and device index
* indicates a setting that can be configured on the site's statistics page. For full configuration options see advanced configuration
Configuration File Format
The configuration file is a simple plain text format file.
Lines beginning with a “#” are comment lines and are ignored. Blank lines are also ignored. All other lines specify configuration settings. Windows
Open the Explorer program Select the Micro SD card device labeled piaware Open the file labeled piaware-config.txt The file will open in Notepad
Mac OS X
Open the Finder program Select the Micro SD card device labeled piaware Open the file labeled piaware-config.txt The file will open in TextEdit
Below is the text file opened, instructions to enable Wi-Fi are in BOLD.
- This file configures the Piaware sdcard image
- configuration. Whenever the system boots, this
- file is read and its contents are used to
- configure the system.
- Lines beginning with a '#' are comment lines
- and are ignored. Blank lines are also ignored.
- All other lines specify configuration settings.
- WIRED NETWORK CONFIGURATION
- Should piaware use the wired ethernet port
- for network access?
wired-network yes
- Wired network configuration:
- Most networks will use DHCP
wired-type dhcp
- Alternatively, a static address configuration
- can be provided; set "wired-type" to static to use this.
wired-address 192.168.1.10 wired-netmask 255.255.255.0 wired-broadcast 192.168.1.255 wired-gateway 192.168.1.254 wired-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
- WIRELESS NETWORK CONFIGURATION
- Should piaware use a wifi adaptor
- for network access? You will need to attach
- a supported USB wifi adaptor for this to work.
- change this to "yes" to enable wifi
wireless-network yes
- Wifi SSID and password.
- This should be changed to match your wireless
- network SSID and, for networks that require
- a passphrase, the passphrase.
wireless-ssid MyWifiNetwork <-----replace MyWifiNetwork with the name of your WiFi (aka the SSID of your local network) wireless-password s3cr3t <-----replace s3cr3t with the password to your WiFi
- Wifi network configuration:
- Most networks will use DHCP
wireless-type dhcp
- Alternatively, a static address configuration
- can be provided; set "wireless-type" to static to use this.
wireless-address 192.168.1.10 wireless-netmask 255.255.255.0 wireless-broadcast 192.168.1.255 wireless-gateway 192.168.1.254 wireless-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
Windows
Once the file has been edited save and close Notepad Eject the Micro SD card either in My Computer by right clicking and selecting Eject piaware eject Windows 7 A pop-up should appear stating it is OK to remove the SD card Windows SD card safe to remove
Mac OS X
Once the file has been edited save and close TextEdit Eject the Micro SD card either in Finder using the eject icon piaware eject button MAC
4Start your PiAware device
Slide the SD card (with PiAware installed) into your Raspberry Pi. Tightly plug in the antenna cable into the USB ADS-B dongle. Plug all other cables (USB power, Ethernet network, USB ADS-B dongle) into your Raspberry Pi. You should observe a solid red LED and a blinking green LED on the Raspberry Pi as well as yellow and green LEDs next to the Ethernet jack. Need additional information? See the Beginner Guide for more information.
5Claim your PiAware client on FlightAware.com
You should wait about four or five minutes for your PiAware to start and then you can associate your FlightAware account with your PiAware device to receive all the benefits. Once your device is running, please:
Claim your PiAware client on FlightAware.com
6View your ADS-B statistics
FlightAware will begin processing your data immediately and displaying your statistics within 30 minutes.View your ADS-B stats at: https://flightaware.com/adsb/stats
The FlightAware stats page will also tell you the local IP of your device and provide a link for direct connection. FlightAware's stats page is also where you will configure your site's geographical location and antenna height.
For information on the Statistics page please read the guide.
7Success!
Remember that the signals from aircraft are not designed to penetrate objects, so the antenna should be located "line of sight" to the sky with no obstructions. The most optimal installations, which are installed outdoors and on a roof, have a range of over 250mi / 400km.
Enjoy using PiAware and using FlightAware with extra features reserved exclusively for ADS-B feeders like you. Please check out the discussion forums to share your experiences or learn more.
8Optional Steps for Advanced Setup
PiAware also has instructions for many optional features such as:
Antennas Expand Filesystem for large SD cards Linux password setup Access PiAware via Command Line
Related Links (PiAware, Raspberry Pi, dump1090, and more)
Questions about PiAware? FlightAware ADS-B Forums PiAware homepage Upgrade PiAware ADS-B software Multilateration (MLAT) Change log for recent versions of PiAware Source code for PiAware FlightAware dump1090 fork Change log for the recent version of dump1090 Updating and upgrading Raspbian Advanced Configuration documentation PiAware About