Blok Spam Menggunakan Postfix dan Bogofilter

Disini akan di terangkan cara menggunakan bogofilter untuk mem-filter e-mail yang melalui postfix.

Teori

Kita akan mensetup bogofilter di mail server dan akan mem-filter semua mail yang masuk. Ada beberapa keuntungan yang akan di peroleh karena hal tersebut, yaitu:

1. Pengguna e-mail non-unix / non-linux akan memperoleh keuntungan dari bogofilter.
2. Bogofilter akan belajar banyak karena akan memperoleh akses ke corpus yang sangat besar.

Di samping itu, juga ada mekanisme bagi pengguna untuk mendaftarkan message spam baru / non-spam termasuk memperbaiki klasifikasi yang salah.

Asumsi

- Most of the steps described here require root privileges. - postfix is installed into /usr. If you installed postfix

 from rpm, it is probably installed there. If you installed from
 source, it is installed into /usr/local unless you changed its
 configuration.

- bogofilter is installed in /usr/bin/bogofilter on the mail server.

Installation:

install postfix

apt-get install postfix

install bogofilter

apt-get install bogofilter

- Build the initial spam and non-spam databases by feeding your corpus of mail.

  Assuming there are two files in mbox format in /home/bogofilter, you say:

  # cd /home/bogofilter
  # bogofilter -d . -s < spam.mbx
  # bogofilter -d . -n < nonspam.mbx

Filtering:

- Create a script to invoke bogofilter, say

 /home/bogofilter/postfix-filter.sh, modeled on the following:

       #!/bin/sh

       FILTER=/usr/bin/bogofilter
       FILTER_DIR=/var/spool/filter
       # WARNING! The -i is crucial, else you may see
       # messages truncated at the first period that is alone on a line
       # (which can happen with several kinds of messages, particularly
       # quoted-printable)
       # -G is ignored before Postfix 2.3 and tells it that the message
       # does not originate on the local system (Gateway submission),
       # so Postfix avoids some of the local expansions that can leave
       # misleading traces in headers, such as local address
       # canonicalizations.
       POSTFIX="/usr/sbin/sendmail -G -i"
       export BOGOFILTER_DIR=/home/bogofilter

       # Exit codes from <sysexits.h>
       EX_TEMPFAIL=75
       EX_UNAVAILABLE=69

       cd $FILTER_DIR || \
           { echo $FILTER_DIR does not exist; exit $EX_TEMPFAIL; }

       # Clean up when done or when aborting.
       trap "rm -f msg.$$ ; exit $EX_TEMPFAIL" 0 1 2 3 15

       # bogofilter -e returns: 0 for OK, nonzero for error
       rm -f msg.$$ || exit $EX_TEMPFAIL
       $FILTER -p -u -e > msg.$$ || exit $EX_TEMPFAIL

       exec <msg.$$ || exit $EX_TEMPFAIL
       rm -f msg.$$ # safe, we hold the file descriptor
       exec $POSTFIX "$@"
       exit $EX_TEMPFAIL

  Make sure the script is executable!

  Given a good initial corpus, it is better to have bogofilter update
  its lists based on the message classification, since it is quite
  likely to get it right.  Misclassifications MUST be corrected later.

- Modify your /etc/postfix/master.cf to run the filter.

   After the line that starts "smtp " and ends in "smtpd" (don't
   confuse it with the one that ends in "smtp", mind the "d"!) and add the
   following line, you must indent it with some spaces or tabs:

           -o content_filter=filter:

   At the end of the file, add the following two lines:

       filter    unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
           flags=Rq user=filter argv=/home/bogofilter/postfix-filter.sh -f ${sender} -- ${recipient}

- Now, every incoming message will have the header line

       X-Bogosity: ...

 added to the headers.
 A bogofilter classified spam messages will have the entry:

       X-Bogosity: Spam ...

 Note that the actual header name is configurable at compile time and
 may have been changed.

- Educate your users on how to filter their spam based on the value of

 the X-Bogosity header.  Spam messages should be diverted to a spam
 mailbox, rather than deleted.

Registration and Correction:

 To use external filtering with Postfix, create a Unix group on the
 server named "filter".

 Next, create a user account named "filter" on the server and make it a
 member of group "filter".  This will be a least-privileged account
 used by the scripts.

 No other user should belong to group "filter".  Logins for the
 "filter" account should be locked (e. g. 'passwd -l filter' on Linux and
 Solaris) and the shell in /etc/passwd should be set to an invalid
 shell such as /bin/false.

 Arrange for users to send misclassified mail to a particular mailbox
 and make sure that the database is updated regularly.

 If you cannot arrange for regular corrections, remove the "-u" from
 the bogofilter command in the script above, and update the database
 as the need arises by registering more mail.

- Make sure the script is executable

       # chmod +x /home/bogofilter/postfix-filter.sh

- Change the ownership of /home/bogofilter to the filter user

      # chown -R filter:filter /home/bogofilter

- Done!

Author:

David Relson <relson@osagesoftware.com>
Matthias Andree <matthias.andree@gmx.de>

Pranala Menarik

• Teknik Anti Spam