Apache: Virtual Host - lagi

Sumber: https://serversforhackers.com/c/configuring-apache-virtual-hosts

Apache memungkinkan kita untuk menjalankan beberapa situs dalam sebuah server apache.

Di Ubuntu, setup virtual host bisa di operasikan secara default. File yang di tambahkan ke /etc/apache2/sites-enabled akan di baca.

Ubuntu menggunakan dua (2) directory untuk virtual host, yaitu:

• /etc/apache2/sites-available
• /etc/apache2/sites-enabled

Folder site-enabled berisi symlink ke site-available, dengan cara ini kita dapat mengkonfigurasi dengan aman di site-available jika di disable dengan cara menghilangkan symlink.

Cara Mengaktifkan Konfigurasi virtual host

Misalnya kita mempunyai konfigurasi virtual host (test.com.conf) di /etc/apache2/sites-available/test.com.conf yang belum di enable. Untuk mengaktifkannya cukup menggunakan,

$ sudo a2ensite test.com.conf  # membuat symlink dari site-enabled ke site-available
$ sudo service apache2 reload  # reload pache config agar host virtual yang baru jadi masuk

Untuk mendisable,

$ sudo a2dissite test.com.conf  #Remove symlink
$ sudo service apache2 reload

File Konfigurasi Virtual Host

Cara yang paling mudah, copy / contek default.conf

$ sudo cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf \
          /etc/apache2/sites-available/myproject.conf

Isinya kira-kira

<VirtualHost *:80>
    # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
    # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
    # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
    # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
    # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
    # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
    # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
    #ServerName www.example.com

    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www

    # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
    # error, crit, alert, emerg.
    # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
    # modules, e.g.
    #LogLevel info ssl:warn

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
    # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
    # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
    # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
    # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
    #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>

Ubah di sesuaikan dengan virtual host kita,

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName myproject.192.168.33.10.xip.io 

    DocumentRoot /var/www/myproject/public  

    <Directory /var/www/myproject/public>
        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks +MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/myproject-error.log 

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/myproject-access.log combined 

</VirtualHost>

Arti masing-masing parameter

• ServerName dan ServerAlias: Memberitahukan Apache akan virtual host yang akan di akses
• DocumentRoot: Ubah sesuai dengan folder tempat meletakan file untuk host tersebut
• Options -Indexes:: -Indexes menghentikan orang untuk bisa masuk ke directory dan melihat file yang ada di situ.
• AllowOverride: Set ke "all" untuk allow .htaccess files di virtual host (dan sub-directory)
• ErrorLog, CustomLog: Buat log file untuk domain virtual tersebut.

Referensi

• https://serversforhackers.com/c/configuring-apache-virtual-hosts