JAVA: Write ke File
In this article, we will see different ways of writing into a File using Java Programming language. Java FileWriter class in java is used to write character-oriented data to a file as this class is character-oriented class because of what it is used in file handling in java.
There are many ways to write into a file in Java as there are many classes and methods which can fulfill the goal as follows:
Using writeString() method Using FileWriter Class Using BufferedWriter Class Using FileOutputStream Class Method 1: Using writeString() method This method is supported by Java version 11. This method can take four parameters. These are file path, character sequence, charset, and options. The first two parameters are mandatory for this method to write into a file. It writes the characters as the content of the file. It returns the file path and can throw four types of exceptions. It is better to use when the content of the file is short.
Example: It shows the use of the writeString() method that is under the Files class to write data into a file. Another class, Path, is used to assign the filename with a path where the content will be written. Files class has another method named readString() to read the content of any existing file that is used in the code to check the content is properly written in the file.
// Java Program to Write Into a File // using writeString() Method
// Importing required classes import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Path;
// Main class public class GFG {
// Main driver method
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException
{
// Assigning the content of the file
String text
= "Welcome to geekforgeeks\nHappy Learning!";
// Defining the file name of the file
Path fileName = Path.of(
"/Users/mayanksolanki/Desktop/demo.docx");
// Writing into the file
Files.writeString(fileName, text);
// Reading the content of the file
String file_content = Files.readString(fileName);
// Printing the content inside the file
System.out.println(file_content);
}
} Output Welcome to geekforgeeks Happy Learning!
Method 2: Using FileWriter Class
If the content of the file is short, then using the FileWriter class to write in the file is another better option. It also writes the stream of characters as the content of the file like writeString() method. The constructor of this class defines the default character encoding and the default buffer size in bytes.
The following below example illustrates the use of the FileWriter class to write content into a file. It requires creating the object of the FileWriter class with the filename to write into a file. Next, the write() method is used to write the value of the text variable in the file. If any error occurs at the time of writing the file, then an IOException will be thrown, and the error message will be printed from the catch block.
Example:
// Java Program to Write into a File // using FileWriterClass
// Importing required classes import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException;
// Main class public class GFG {
// Main driver method
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Content to be assigned to a file
// Custom input just for illustratinon purposes
String text
= "Computer Science Portal GeeksforGeeks";
// Try block to check if exception occurs
try {
// Create a FileWriter object
// to write in the file
FileWriter fWriter = new FileWriter(
"/Users/mayanksolanki/Desktop/demo.docx");
// Writing into file
// Note: The content taken above inside the
// string
fWriter.write(text);
// Printing the contents of a file
System.out.println(text);
// Closing the file writing connection
fWriter.close();
// Display message for successful execution of
// program on the console
System.out.println(
"File is created successfully with the content.");
}
// Catch block to handle if exception occurs
catch (IOException e) {
// Print the exception
System.out.print(e.getMessage());
}
}
} Output File is created successfully with the content.
Method 3: Using BufferedWriter Class
It is used to write text to a character-output stream. It has a default buffer size, but a large buffer size can be assigned. It is useful for writing characters, strings, and arrays. It is better to wrap this class with any writer class for writing data to a file if no prompt output is required.
Example:
// Java Program to write into a File // Using BufferedWriter Class
// Importing java input output libraries import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException;
// Main class public class GFG {
// Main driver method
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Assigning the file content
// Note: Custom contents taken as input to
// illustrate
String text
= "Computer Science Portal GeeksforGeks";
// Try block to check for exceptions
try {
// Step 1: Create an object of BufferedWriter
BufferedWriter f_writer
= new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(
"/Users/mayanksolanki/Desktop/demo.docx"));
// Step 2: Write text(content) to file
f_writer.write(text);
// Step 3: Printing the content inside the file
// on the terminal/CMD
System.out.print(text);
// Step 4: Display message showcasing
// successful execution of the program
System.out.print(
"File is created successfully with the content.");
// Step 5: Close the BufferedWriter object
f_writer.close();
}
// Catch block to handle if exceptions occurs
catch (IOException e) {
// Print the exception on console
// using getMessage() method
System.out.print(e.getMessage());
}
}
} Output File is created successfully with the content.
The following example shows the use of BufferedWriter class to write into a file. It also requires creating the object of BufferedWriter class like FileWriter to write content into the file. But this class supports large content to write into the file by using a large buffer size.
Method 4: Using FileOutputStream Class It is used to write raw stream data to a file. FileWriter and BufferedWriter classes are used to write only the text to a file, but the binary data can be written by using the FileOutputStream class.
To write data into a file using FileOutputStream class is shown in the following example. It also requires creating the object of the class with the filename to write data into a file. Here, the string content is converted into the byte array that is written into the file by using the write() method.
Example:
// Java Program to Write into a File // using FileOutputStream Class
// Importing java input output classes import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException;
public class GFG {
// Main driver method
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Assign the file content
String fileContent = "Welcome to geeksforgeeks";
FileOutputStream outputStream = null;
// Try block to check if exception occurs
try {
// Step 1: Create an object of FileOutputStream
outputStream = new FileOutputStream("file.txt");
// Step 2: Store byte content from string
byte[] strToBytes = fileContent.getBytes();
// Step 3: Write into the file
outputStream.write(strToBytes);
// Print the success message (Optional)
System.out.print(
"File is created successfully with the content.");
}
// Catch block to handle the exception
catch (IOException e) {
// Display the exception/s
System.out.print(e.getMessage());
}
// finally keyword is used with in try catch block
// and this code will always execute whether
// exception occurred or not
finally {
// Step 4: Close the object
if (outputStream != null) {
// Note: Second try catch block ensures that
// the file is closed even if an error
// occurs
try {
// Closing the file connections
// if no exception has occurred
outputStream.close();
}
catch (IOException e) {
// Display exceptions if occurred
System.out.print(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
} Output File is created successfully with the content.