Ubuntu: Install MSSQL

Sumber: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/quickstart-install-connect-ubuntu

In this quickstart, you first install SQL Server 2017 on Ubuntu 16.04. Then connect with sqlcmd to create your first database and run queries.

Tip

This tutorial requires user input and an internet connection. If you are interested in the unattended or offline installation procedures, see Installation guidance for SQL Server on Linux. Prerequisites

You must have a Ubuntu 16.04 machine with at least 2 GB of memory.

To install Ubuntu on your own machine, go to http://www.ubuntu.com/download/server. You can also create Ubuntu virtual machines in Azure. See Create and Manage Linux VMs with the Azure CLI.

Note

At this time, the Windows Subsystem for Linux for Windows 10 is not supported as an installation target.

For other system requirements, see System requirements for SQL Server on Linux. Install SQL Server

To configure SQL Server on Ubuntu, run the following commands in a terminal to install the mssql-server package.

Important

If you have previously installed a CTP or RC release of SQL Server 2017, you must first remove the old repository before registering one of the GA repositories. For more information, see Change repositories from the preview repository to the GA repository.

   Import the public repository GPG keys:
   bash 

wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo apt-key add -

Register the Microsoft SQL Server Ubuntu repository: bash

sudo add-apt-repository "$(wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/mssql-server-2017.list)"

Note

This is the Cumulative Update (CU) repository. For more information about your repository options and their differences, see Change source repositories.

Run the following commands to install SQL Server: bash

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y mssql-server

After the package installation finishes, run mssql-conf setup and follow the prompts to set the SA password and choose your edition. bash

sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup

Tip

If you are trying SQL Server 2017 in this tutorial, the following editions are freely licensed: Evaluation, Developer, and Express.

Note

Make sure to specify a strong password for the SA account (Minimum length 8 characters, including uppercase and lowercase letters, base 10 digits and/or non-alphanumeric symbols).

Once the configuration is done, verify that the service is running: bash

systemctl status mssql-server

   If you plan to connect remotely, you might also need to open the SQL Server TCP port (default 1433) on your firewall.

At this point, SQL Server is running on your Ubuntu machine and is ready to use! Install the SQL Server command-line tools

To create a database, you need to connect with a tool that can run Transact-SQL statements on the SQL Server. The following steps install the SQL Server command-line tools: sqlcmd and bcp.

   Import the public repository GPG keys:
   bash 

wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo apt-key add -

Register the Microsoft Ubuntu repository: bash

sudo add-apt-repository "$(wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/prod.list)"

Update the sources list and run the installation command with the unixODBC developer package: bash

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y mssql-tools unixodbc-dev

For convenience, add /opt/mssql-tools/bin/ to your PATH environment variable. This enables you to run the tools without specifying the full path. Run the following commands to modify the PATH for both login sessions and interactive/non-login sessions: bash

echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

Tip

Sqlcmd is just one tool for connecting to SQL Server to run queries and perform management and development tasks. Other tools include:

   SQL Server Operations Studio (Preview)
   SQL Server Management Studio
   Visual Studio Code.
   mssql-cli (Preview)

Connect locally

The following steps use sqlcmd to locally connect to your new SQL Server instance.

   Run sqlcmd with parameters for your SQL Server name (-S), the user name (-U), and the password (-P). In this tutorial, you are connecting locally, so the server name is localhost. The user name is SA and the password is the one you provided for the SA account during setup.
   bash 

sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P '<YourPassword>'

   Tip

   You can omit the password on the command line to be prompted to enter it.

   Tip

   If you later decide to connect remotely, specify the machine name or IP address for the -S parameter, and make sure port 1433 is open on your firewall.

   If successful, you should get to a sqlcmd command prompt: 1>.

   If you get a connection failure, first attempt to diagnose the problem from the error message. Then review the connection troubleshooting recommendations.

Create and query data

The following sections walk you through using sqlcmd to create a new database, add data, and run a simple query. Create a new database

The following steps create a new database named TestDB.

   From the sqlcmd command prompt, paste the following Transact-SQL command to create a test database:
   SQL 

CREATE DATABASE TestDB

On the next line, write a query to return the name of all of the databases on your server: SQL

SELECT Name from sys.Databases

The previous two commands were not executed immediately. You must type GO on a new line to execute the previous commands: SQL

   GO

Insert data

Next create a new table, Inventory, and insert two new rows.

   From the sqlcmd command prompt, switch context to the new TestDB database:
   SQL 

USE TestDB

Create new table named Inventory: SQL

CREATE TABLE Inventory (id INT, name NVARCHAR(50), quantity INT)

Insert data into the new table: SQL

INSERT INTO Inventory VALUES (1, 'banana', 150); INSERT INTO Inventory VALUES (2, 'orange', 154);

Type GO to execute the previous commands: SQL

   GO

Select data

Now, run a query to return data from the Inventory table.

   From the sqlcmd command prompt, enter a query that returns rows from the Inventory table where the quantity is greater than 152:
   SQL 

SELECT * FROM Inventory WHERE quantity > 152;

Execute the command: SQL

   GO

Exit the sqlcmd command prompt

To end your sqlcmd session, type QUIT: SQL

QUIT

Connect from Windows

SQL Server tools on Windows connect to SQL Server instances on Linux in the same way they would connect to any remote SQL Server instance.

If you have a Windows machine that can connect to your Linux machine, try the same steps in this topic from a Windows command-prompt running sqlcmd. Just verify that you use the target Linux machine name or IP address rather than localhost, and make sure that TCP port 1433 is open. If you have any problems connecting from Windows, see connection troubleshooting recommendations.

For other tools that run on Windows but connect to SQL Server on Linux, see:

   SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)
   Windows PowerShell
   SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT)

Next steps

For other installation scenarios, see the following resources:

Upgrade Learn how to upgrade an existing installation of SQL Server on Linux Uninstall Uninstall SQL Server on Linux Unattended install Learn how to script the installation without prompts Offline install Learn how to manually download the packages for offline installation

To explore other ways to connect and manage SQL Server, see Visual Studio Code and SQL Server Management Studio.

To learn more about writing Transact-SQL statements and queries, see Tutorial: Writing Transact-SQL Statements.

Referensi

• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/quickstart-install-connect-ubuntu