DD-WRT: OLSR

General

What is mesh networking?

Mesh networking is used to route data, voice and instructions between nodes (typically routers). A mesh network typically consists of 2 or (many) more nodes, which exchange information about their connection-status with each other (routing updates), so that every node knows, which path he has to take to reach any other node in the mesh. When a node wants to reach another node that is not directly connected, the traffic flows over other nodes, until the final node is reached (hopping) -each node that the traffic flows through is called a hop.

Why mesh networking?

Mesh networks differ from other networks in that the component parts can all connect to each other via multiple hops. Mesh networks are self-healing: the network can still operate even when a node goes down or a connection drops. The result is a very reliable network.

Benefits of mesh networking

• self organizing
• self-healing
• low system maintenance needed
• robust due dynamic route recalculation

Disadvantages of mesh networking

   additional network traffic 

The exchange of routing information (routing updates) can produce a lot of traffic-overhead, also every device that takes part of a mesh must have enough cpu/ memory to have an overview of all other routers and how to reach them. (routing table). A full routing table can get very large - as seen in BGP-Routing: a full BGP table needs 2GB of memory (300.000 active routes). There is also a danger of routing-loops that can appear because of weak routing information.

OLSR

General

OLSR is a dynamic linkstate Protocol which collects link data and dynamically calculates the best routes within the network.

Links:

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLSR
• http://www.olsr.org

=Parameters

General:

IpVersion 
AllowNoInt 
Pollrate 
TcRedundancy 
MprCoverage 
LinkQualityFishEye 
LinkQualityWinSize 
LinkQualityDijkstraLimit 

per Interface:

   HelloInterval 

   HelloValidityTime 

   TcInterval 

   TcValidityTime 

   MidInterval 

   MidValidityTime 

   HnaInterval 

   HnaValidityTime 

   LinkQualityMult 

HNA4

IcpConnect

Plugins:

olsrd 	 	                OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) daemon
olsrd-mod-dyn-gw-plain 	Dynamic internet gateway plain plugin
olsrd-mod-bmf 	 	        Basic multicast forwarding plugin, dependece: kmod-tun
olsrd-mod-httpinfo 	 	Small informative web server plugin
olsrd-mod-quagga 	 	Quagga plugin
olsrd-mod-dyn-gw 	 	Dynamic internet gateway plugin
olsrd-mod-txtinfo 	 	Small informative web server plugin
olsrd-mod-nameservice 	 	Lightweight hostname resolver plugin
olsrd-mod-dot-draw 	 	Dot topology information plugin
olsrd-mod-mdns 	 	Multicast DNS plugin
olsrd-mod-watchdog 	 	Watchdog plugin
olsrd-mod-arprefresh 	 	Kernel ARP cache refresh plugin
olsrd-mod-p2pd 	 	Peer to Peer Discovery plugin
olsrd-mod-secure 	 	Message signing plugin to secure routing domain
olsrd-mod-pud                  Position update plugin
olsrd-mod-jsoninfo
olsrd-mod-sgwdynspeed          Select dynamic smart gateway based on gw speed

Sample config file:

DebugLevel              0
IpVersion               4
AllowNoInt              yes
Pollrate                0.1
TcRedundancy            2
MprCoverage             7
LinkQualityFishEye      1
LinkQualityWinSize      100
LinkQualityDijkstraLimit 0 7.0
LoadPlugin "olsrd_txtinfo.so.0.1"
{
       PlParam "Accept" "127.0.0.1"
}
Hna4
{
}
IpcConnect
{
       MaxConnections  1
       Host            127.0.0.1
       Net 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
}
LinkQualityLevel 2
UseHysteresis no
Interface "eth1"
{
       HelloInterval           5.0
       HelloValidityTime       90.0
       TcInterval              3.0
       TcValidityTime          270.0
       MidInterval             15.0
       MidValidityTime         270.0
       HnaInterval             15.0
       HnaValidityTime         90.0
       LinkQualityMult 10.100.2.5 0.5
}
Interface "vlan1"
{
       HelloInterval           5.0
       HelloValidityTime       90.0
       TcInterval              3.0
       TcValidityTime          270.0
       MidInterval             15.0
       MidValidityTime         270.0
       HnaInterval             15.0
       HnaValidityTime         90.0
       LinkQualityMult 10.100.2.5 0.5
}

[edit] Setup [edit] DD-WRT > v.23 SP3

You always can check the OLSRD status on the daemons web gui:

http://yourip:8080

   enable your prefered networking mode. OLSR can run on any interface (lan or wifi). 

Try the following steps to get OLSR running: [edit] OLSR on WiFi

Under Wireless -> Basic Settings

   connect your devices with the preferred WiFi mode (WDS, adhoc, etc)
   set your wlan mode (b,g,mixed...)
   set your SSID
   set your channel 

Before you go on test that the link is working, that the devices are connected and can reach each other.

   unbridge the wlan on the wireless page
   set an ip from a different network than the router uses already
   set the network mask (e.g. to 255.255.255.0 for a /24 network)
   set your preferred encryption 

[edit] setup OLSR

Under Setup -> Advanced Routing

   set Operating Mode to OLSR
   keep the basic olsr settings. they are ok for the first tests
   add the correct wlan interface to olsr dependend on your wifi chip vendor and platform (e.g. on atheros wifi based systems its athX, on broadcom its mostly eth0, on ralink its raX)
   keep the interface settings for testing 

[edit] Enabling NAT routing

In Gateway mode the router performs NAT, while in other modes it doesn't. When you switch the Advanced Routing Operating Mode to OLSR Router, it turns off NAT. Here is how to turn the NAT back on, assuming you followed the instructions on unbridging the wlan. You must change the interfaces according to your system.

Under Administration -> Commands paste the script below into Commands and click "Save Firewall" Do this on each device.

iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $(nvram get wan_ifname) -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $(nvram get wl0_ifname) -s $(nvram get eth1_ipaddr)/$(nvram get eth1_netmask) -d $(nvram get eth1_ipaddr)/$(nvram get eth1_netmask) -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $(nvram get lan_ifname) -s $(nvram get lan_ipaddr)/$(nvram get lan_netmask) -d $(nvram get lan_ipaddr)/$(nvram get lan_netmask) -j MASQUERADE

Referensi

• http://www.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/Mesh_Networking_with_OLSR

Pranala Menarik

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• DD-WRT: OLSR

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