Difference between revisions of "ANDROID: Komponen Aplikasi"

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Application components are the essential building blocks of an Android application. These components are loosely coupled by the application manifest file AndroidManifest.xml that describes each component of the application and how they interact.
+
Komponen aplikasi adalah blok penting dari aplikasi Android. Komponen-komponen ini digabungkan tidak terlalu ketat / rigid oleh file manifes aplikasi AndroidManifest.xml yang menjelaskan setiap komponen aplikasi dan cara mereka berinteraksi.
  
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There are following four main components that can be used within an Android application −
+
Ada empat (4) komponen utama berikut yang dapat digunakan dalam aplikasi Android
  
  
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|}
 
|}
  
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==Activities==
+
==Activity==
  
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An activity represents a single screen with a user interface,in-short Activity performs actions on the screen. For example, an email application might have one activity that shows a list of new emails, another activity to compose an email, and another activity for reading emails. If an application has more than one activity, then one of them should be marked as the activity that is presented when the application is launched.
+
Activity mewakili satu layar dengan interface pengguna, singkatnya Activity melakukan action/tindakan di layar. Misalnya, aplikasi email mungkin memiliki satu activity yang menampilkan daftar email baru, aktivitas lain untuk menulis email, dan aktivitas lain untuk membaca email. Jika aplikasi memiliki lebih dari satu activity, maka salah satunya harus ditandai sebagai activity yang ditampilkan saat aplikasi diluncurkan.
 +
 
 +
Suatu activity diimplementasikan sebagai subclass dari class Activity sebagai berikut
  
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An activity is implemented as a subclass of Activity class as follows −
 
  
 
  public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 
  public class MainActivity extends Activity {
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==Service==
 
==Service==
  
−
A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations. For example, a service might play music in the background while the user is in a different application, or it might fetch data over the network without blocking user interaction with an activity.
+
Service adalah komponen yang berjalan di background untuk melakukan operasi yang berjalan lama. Misalnya, service mungkin memutar lagu di background saat pengguna berada di aplikasi yang berbeda, atau mungkin mengambil data melalui jaringan tanpa memblokir interaksi pengguna dengan suatu activity.
 +
 
 +
Sebuah service diimplementasikan sebagai subclass dari class service sebagai berikut
  
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A service is implemented as a subclass of Service class as follows −
 
  
 
  public class MyService extends Service {
 
  public class MyService extends Service {
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==Broadcast Receiver==
 
==Broadcast Receiver==
  
−
Broadcast Receivers simply respond to broadcast messages from other applications or from the system. For example, applications can also initiate broadcasts to let other applications know that some data has been downloaded to the device and is available for them to use, so this is broadcast receiver who will intercept this communication and will initiate appropriate action.
+
Broadcast Receiver hanya menanggapi broadcast message dari aplikasi lain atau dari sistem. Misalnya, aplikasi juga dapat memulai brodcast untuk memberi tahu aplikasi lain bahwa beberapa data telah diunduh ke perangkat dan tersedia untuk digunakan, jadi broadcast receiver inilah yang akan mencegat komunikasi ini dan akan memulai tindakan yang sesuai.
 +
 
 +
Broadcast receiver diimplementasikan sebagai subclass dari class BroadcastReceiver dan setiap pesan adalah broadcaster sebagai Intent object.
  
−
A broadcast receiver is implemented as a subclass of BroadcastReceiver class and each message is broadcaster as an Intent object.
 
  
 
  public class MyReceiver  extends  BroadcastReceiver {
 
  public class MyReceiver  extends  BroadcastReceiver {
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==Content Provider==
 
==Content Provider==
  
−
A content provider component supplies data from one application to others on request. Such requests are handled by the methods of the ContentResolver class. The data may be stored in the file system, the database or somewhere else entirely.
+
Komponen content provider memasok data dari satu aplikasi ke aplikasi lain berdasarkan permintaan. Permintaan tersebut ditangani oleh metode class ContentResolver. Data dapat disimpan dalam sistem file, database atau di tempat lain.
  
−
A content provider is implemented as a subclass of ContentProvider class and must implement a standard set of APIs that enable other applications to perform transactions.
+
Penyedia konten diimplementasikan sebagai subclass dari kelas ContentProvider dan harus mengimplementasikan serangkaian API standar yang memungkinkan aplikasi lain melakukan transaksi.
  
 
  public class MyContentProvider extends  ContentProvider {
 
  public class MyContentProvider extends  ContentProvider {
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  }
 
  }
  
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We will go through these tags in detail while covering application components in individual chapters.
+
Pada kesempatan lain kita perlu membahas tag-tag ini secara mendetail sambil membahas komponen aplikasi masing-masing.
  
 
==Komponen Tambahan==
 
==Komponen Tambahan==
  
−
There are additional components which will be used in the construction of above mentioned entities, their logic, and wiring between them. These components are −
+
Ada komponen tambahan yang akan digunakan dalam konstruksi entitas yang disebutkan di atas, logikanya, dan penyambungan di antara mereka. Komponen-komponen ini adalah
  
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
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! S.No !! Components !!  Description
 
! S.No !! Components !!  Description
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 1 | Fragments | Represents a portion of user interface in an Activity.
+
| 1 || Fragments || Represents a portion of user interface in an Activity.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 2 | Views | UI elements that are drawn on-screen including buttons, lists forms etc.
+
| 2 || Views || UI elements that are drawn on-screen including buttons, lists forms etc.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 3 | Layouts | View hierarchies that control screen format and appearance of the views.
+
| 3 || Layouts || View hierarchies that control screen format and appearance of the views.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 4 | Intents | Messages wiring components together.
+
| 4 || Intents || Messages wiring components together.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 5 | Resources | External elements, such as strings, constants and drawable pictures.
+
| 5 || Resources || External elements, such as strings, constants and drawable pictures.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 6 | Manifest | Configuration file for the application.
+
| 6 || Manifest || Configuration file for the application.
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
−
Application components are the essential building blocks of an Android application. These components are loosely coupled by the application manifest file AndroidManifest.xml that describes each component of the application and how they interact.
 
−
 
−
There are following four main components that can be used within an Android application −
 
−
 
−
Sr.No Components & Description
 
−
  1 Activities          They dictate the UI and handle the user interaction to the smart phone screen.
 
−
  2 Services            They handle background processing associated with an application.
 
−
  3 Broadcast Receivers  They handle communication between Android OS and applications.
 
−
  4 Content Providers    They handle data and database management issues.
 
−
 
−
Activities
 
−
An activity represents a single screen with a user interface,in-short Activity performs actions on the screen. For example, an email application might have one activity that shows a list of new emails, another activity to compose an email, and another activity for reading emails. If an application has more than one activity, then one of them should be marked as the activity that is presented when the application is launched.
 
−
 
−
An activity is implemented as a subclass of Activity class as follows −
 
−
 
−
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 
−
}
 
−
 
−
Services
 
−
A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations. For example, a service might play music in the background while the user is in a different application, or it might fetch data over the network without blocking user interaction with an activity.
 
−
 
−
A service is implemented as a subclass of Service class as follows −
 
−
 
−
public class MyService extends Service {
 
−
}
 
−
 
−
Broadcast Receivers
 
−
Broadcast Receivers simply respond to broadcast messages from other applications or from the system. For example, applications can also initiate broadcasts to let other applications know that some data has been downloaded to the device and is available for them to use, so this is broadcast receiver who will intercept this communication and will initiate appropriate action.
 
−
 
−
A broadcast receiver is implemented as a subclass of BroadcastReceiver class and each message is broadcaster as an Intent object.
 
−
 
−
public class MyReceiver  extends  BroadcastReceiver {
 
−
    public void onReceive(context,intent){}
 
−
}
 
−
 
−
Content Providers
 
−
A content provider component supplies data from one application to others on request. Such requests are handled by the methods of the ContentResolver class. The data may be stored in the file system, the database or somewhere else entirely.
 
−
 
−
A content provider is implemented as a subclass of ContentProvider class and must implement a standard set of APIs that enable other applications to perform transactions.
 
−
 
−
public class MyContentProvider extends  ContentProvider {
 
−
    public void onCreate(){}
 
−
}
 
−
 
−
We will go through these tags in detail while covering application components in individual chapters.
 
−
 
−
Additional Components
 
−
There are additional components which will be used in the construction of above mentioned entities, their logic, and wiring between them. These components are −
 
−
 
−
S.No Components & Description
 
−
  1 Fragments    Represents a portion of user interface in an Activity.
 
−
  2 Views        UI elements that are drawn on-screen including buttons, lists forms etc.
 
−
  3 Layouts      View hierarchies that control screen format and appearance of the views.
 
−
  4 Intents      Messages wiring components together.
 
−
  5 Resources    External elements, such as strings, constants and drawable pictures.
 
−
  6 Manifest    Configuration file for the application.
 
  
 
==Referensi==
 
==Referensi==
  
 
* https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_application_components.htm
 
* https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_application_components.htm

Latest revision as of 10:11, 26 June 2022

Komponen aplikasi adalah blok penting dari aplikasi Android. Komponen-komponen ini digabungkan tidak terlalu ketat / rigid oleh file manifes aplikasi AndroidManifest.xml yang menjelaskan setiap komponen aplikasi dan cara mereka berinteraksi.

Ada empat (4) komponen utama berikut yang dapat digunakan dalam aplikasi Android


Komponen Utama Aplikasi Android
Sr.No Components Description
1 Activities They dictate the UI and handle the user interaction to the smart phone screen.
2 Services They handle background processing associated with an application.
3 Broadcast Receivers They handle communication between Android OS and applications.
4 Content Providers They handle data and database management issues.

Activity

Activity mewakili satu layar dengan interface pengguna, singkatnya Activity melakukan action/tindakan di layar. Misalnya, aplikasi email mungkin memiliki satu activity yang menampilkan daftar email baru, aktivitas lain untuk menulis email, dan aktivitas lain untuk membaca email. Jika aplikasi memiliki lebih dari satu activity, maka salah satunya harus ditandai sebagai activity yang ditampilkan saat aplikasi diluncurkan.

Suatu activity diimplementasikan sebagai subclass dari class Activity sebagai berikut 


public class MainActivity extends Activity {
}

Service

Service adalah komponen yang berjalan di background untuk melakukan operasi yang berjalan lama. Misalnya, service mungkin memutar lagu di background saat pengguna berada di aplikasi yang berbeda, atau mungkin mengambil data melalui jaringan tanpa memblokir interaksi pengguna dengan suatu activity.

Sebuah service diimplementasikan sebagai subclass dari class service sebagai berikut 


public class MyService extends Service {
}

Broadcast Receiver

Broadcast Receiver hanya menanggapi broadcast message dari aplikasi lain atau dari sistem. Misalnya, aplikasi juga dapat memulai brodcast untuk memberi tahu aplikasi lain bahwa beberapa data telah diunduh ke perangkat dan tersedia untuk digunakan, jadi broadcast receiver inilah yang akan mencegat komunikasi ini dan akan memulai tindakan yang sesuai.

Broadcast receiver diimplementasikan sebagai subclass dari class BroadcastReceiver dan setiap pesan adalah broadcaster sebagai Intent object. 


public class MyReceiver  extends  BroadcastReceiver {
   public void onReceive(context,intent){}
}

Content Provider

Komponen content provider memasok data dari satu aplikasi ke aplikasi lain berdasarkan permintaan. Permintaan tersebut ditangani oleh metode class ContentResolver. Data dapat disimpan dalam sistem file, database atau di tempat lain.

Penyedia konten diimplementasikan sebagai subclass dari kelas ContentProvider dan harus mengimplementasikan serangkaian API standar yang memungkinkan aplikasi lain melakukan transaksi. 

public class MyContentProvider extends  ContentProvider {
   public void onCreate(){}
}

Pada kesempatan lain kita perlu membahas tag-tag ini secara mendetail sambil membahas komponen aplikasi masing-masing.

Komponen Tambahan

Ada komponen tambahan yang akan digunakan dalam konstruksi entitas yang disebutkan di atas, logikanya, dan penyambungan di antara mereka. Komponen-komponen ini adalah

Komponen Tambahan
S.No Components Description
1 Fragments Represents a portion of user interface in an Activity.
2 Views UI elements that are drawn on-screen including buttons, lists forms etc.
3 Layouts View hierarchies that control screen format and appearance of the views.
4 Intents Messages wiring components together.
5 Resources External elements, such as strings, constants and drawable pictures.
6 Manifest Configuration file for the application.

Referensi

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