Difference between revisions of "ANDROID: Overview"

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==What is Android?==
+
==Apakah Android?==
  
Android is an open source and Linux-based Operating System for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Android was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies.
+
Android adalah Sistem Operasi open source dan berbasis Linux untuk perangkat mobile seperti smartphone dan komputer tablet. Android dikembangkan oleh Open Handset Alliance, dipimpin oleh Google, dan perusahaan lain.
  
Android offers a unified approach to application development for mobile devices which means developers need only develop for Android, and their applications should be able to run on different devices powered by Android.
+
Android menawarkan pendekatan terpadu untuk pengembangan aplikasi untuk perangkat seluler yang berarti pengembang hanya perlu mengembangkan untuk Android, dan aplikasi mereka harus dapat berjalan di berbagai perangkat yang didukung oleh Android.
  
The first beta version of the Android Software Development Kit (SDK) was released by Google in 2007 where as the first commercial version, Android 1.0, was released in September 2008.
+
Versi beta pertama dari Android Software Development Kit (SDK) dirilis oleh Google pada tahun 2007 di mana sebagai versi komersial pertama, Android 1.0, dirilis pada bulan September 2008.
  
On June 27, 2012, at the Google I/O conference, Google announced the next Android version, 4.1 Jelly Bean. Jelly Bean is an incremental update, with the primary aim of improving the user interface, both in terms of functionality and performance.
+
Pada tanggal 27 Juni 2012, pada konferensi Google I/O, Google mengumumkan versi Android berikutnya, 4.1 Jelly Bean. Jelly Bean adalah pembaruan tambahan, dengan tujuan utama untuk meningkatkan antarmuka pengguna, baik dari segi fungsionalitas maupun kinerja.
  
The source code for Android is available under free and open source software licenses. Google publishes most of the code under the Apache License version 2.0 and the rest, Linux kernel changes, under the GNU General Public License version 2.
+
Source code untuk Android tersedia di bawah lisensi perangkat lunak sumber terbuka dan gratis. Google menerbitkan sebagian besar kode di bawah Lisensi Apache versi 2.0 dan sisanya, kernel Linux berubah, di bawah GNU General Public License versi 2.
  
 
==Why Android ?==
 
==Why Android ?==
Line 15: Line 15:
 
[[File:Why android.jpg|center|200px|thumb]]
 
[[File:Why android.jpg|center|200px|thumb]]
  
Features of Android
+
===Fitur Android===
Android is a powerful operating system competing with Apple 4GS and supports great features. Few of them are listed below −
 
  
Sr.No. Feature & Description
+
Android adalah sistem operasi yang kuat yang bersaing dengan Apple 4GS dan mendukung fitur-fitur hebat. Beberapa dari mereka tercantum di bawah ini
1
 
Beautiful UI
 
  
Android OS basic screen provides a beautiful and intuitive user interface.
+
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+ Features of Android
 +
|-
 +
! Sr.No. !! Feature || Description
 +
|-
 +
| 1 || Beautiful UI || Android OS basic screen provides a beautiful and intuitive user interface.
 +
|-
 +
| 2 || Connectivity|| GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, NFC and WiMAX.
 +
|-
 +
| 3 || Storage || SQLite, a lightweight relational database, is used for data storage purposes.
 +
|-
 +
| 4 || Media support || H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AMR-WB, AAC, HE-AAC, AAC 5.1, MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP.
 +
|-
 +
| 5 || Messaging|| SMS and MMS
 +
|-
 +
| 6 || Web browser || Based on the open-source WebKit layout engine, coupled with Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine supporting HTML5 and CSS3.
 +
|-
 +
| 7 || Multi-touch || Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially made available in handsets such as the HTC Hero.
 +
|-
 +
| 8 || Multi-tasking || User can jump from one task to another and same time various application can run simultaneously.
 +
|-
 +
| 9 || Resizable widgets ||  Widgets are resizable, so users can expand them to show more content or shrink them to save space.
 +
|-
 +
| 10 || Multi-Language || Supports single direction and bi-directional text.
 +
|-
 +
| 11 || GCM || Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) is a service that lets developers send short message data to their users on Android devices, without needing a proprietary sync solution.
 +
|-
 +
| 12 || Wi-Fi Direct || A technology that lets apps discover and pair directly, over a high-bandwidth peer-to-peer connection.
 +
|-
 +
| 13 || Android Beam || A popular NFC-based technology that lets users instantly share, just by touching two NFC-enabled phones together.
 +
|}
  
2
+
==Aplikasi Android==
Connectivity
 
  
GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, NFC and WiMAX.
+
Aplikasi Android biasanya dikembangkan dalam bahasa Java menggunakan Android Software Development Kit.
  
3
+
Setelah dikembangkan, aplikasi Android dapat dikemas dengan mudah dan terjual habis baik melalui store seperti Google Play, SlideME, Opera Mobile Store, Mobango, F-droid dan Amazon Appstore.
Storage
 
  
SQLite, a lightweight relational database, is used for data storage purposes.
+
Android mendukung ratusan juta perangkat seluler di lebih dari 190 negara di seluruh dunia. Ini adalah basis terpasang terbesar dari semua platform seluler dan berkembang pesat. Setiap hari lebih dari 1 juta perangkat Android baru diaktifkan di seluruh dunia.
  
4
+
Tutorial ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk mengajari kita cara mengembangkan dan mengemas aplikasi Android. Kami akan mulai dari pengaturan lingkungan untuk pemrograman aplikasi Android dan kemudian menelusuri untuk melihat berbagai aspek aplikasi Android.
Media support
 
  
H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AMR-WB, AAC, HE-AAC, AAC 5.1, MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP.
+
==Kategori dari Aplikasi Android==
  
5
+
Ada banyak aplikasi android di pasaran. Kategori teratas adalah
Messaging
 
  
SMS and MMS
+
[[File:Categories.png|center|300px|thumb|Categories]]
  
6
+
==History Android==
Web browser
 
  
Based on the open-source WebKit layout engine, coupled with Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine supporting HTML5 and CSS3.
+
Nama code android berkisar dari A sampai N saat ini, seperti Aestro, Blender, Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread, Honeycomb, Ice Cream Sandwitch, Jelly Bean, KitKat, Lollipop dan Marshmallow. Mari kita memahami sejarah android secara berurutan.
  
7
 
Multi-touch
 
  
Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially made available in handsets such as the HTC Hero.
+
[[File:Jistory.jpg|center|300px|thumb|Jistory]]
  
8
+
==Apakah API level?==
Multi-tasking
 
  
User can jump from one task to another and same time various application can run simultaneously.
+
API Level adalah nilai integer yang secara unik mengidentifikasi revisi API kerangka kerja yang ditawarkan oleh versi platform Android.
  
9
 
Resizable widgets
 
 
Widgets are resizable, so users can expand them to show more content or shrink them to save space.
 
 
10
 
Multi-Language
 
 
Supports single direction and bi-directional text.
 
 
11
 
GCM
 
 
Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) is a service that lets developers send short message data to their users on Android devices, without needing a proprietary sync solution.
 
 
12
 
Wi-Fi Direct
 
 
A technology that lets apps discover and pair directly, over a high-bandwidth peer-to-peer connection.
 
 
13
 
Android Beam
 
 
A popular NFC-based technology that lets users instantly share, just by touching two NFC-enabled phones together.
 
 
Android Applications
 
Android applications are usually developed in the Java language using the Android Software Development Kit.
 
 
Once developed, Android applications can be packaged easily and sold out either through a store such as Google Play, SlideME, Opera Mobile Store, Mobango, F-droid and the Amazon Appstore.
 
 
Android powers hundreds of millions of mobile devices in more than 190 countries around the world. It's the largest installed base of any mobile platform and growing fast. Every day more than 1 million new Android devices are activated worldwide.
 
 
This tutorial has been written with an aim to teach you how to develop and package Android application. We will start from environment setup for Android application programming and then drill down to look into various aspects of Android applications.
 
 
Categories of Android applications
 
There are many android applications in the market. The top categories are −
 
 
Categories
 
History of Android
 
The code names of android ranges from A to N currently, such as Aestro, Blender, Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread, Honeycomb, Ice Cream Sandwitch, Jelly Bean, KitKat, Lollipop and Marshmallow. Let's understand the android history in a sequence.
 
 
Jistory
 
What is API level?
 
API Level is an integer value that uniquely identifies the framework API revision offered by a version of the Android platform.
 
 
Platform Version API Level VERSION_CODE
 
Android 6.0 23 MARSHMALLOW
 
Android 5.1 22 LOLLIPOP_MR1
 
Android 5.0 21 LOLLIPOP
 
Android 4.4W 20 KITKAT_WATCH KitKat for Wearables Only
 
Android 4.4 19 KITKAT
 
Android 4.3 18 JELLY_BEAN_MR2
 
Android 4.2, 4.2.2 17 JELLY_BEAN_MR1
 
Android 4.1, 4.1.1 16 JELLY_BEAN
 
Android 4.0.3, 4.0.4 15 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1
 
Android 4.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.2 14 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH
 
Android 3.2 13 HONEYCOMB_MR2
 
Android 3.1.x 12 HONEYCOMB_MR1
 
Android 3.0.x 11 HONEYCOMB
 
Android 2.3.4
 
 
Android 2.3.3
 
 
10 GINGERBREAD_MR1
 
Android 2.3.2
 
 
Android 2.3.1
 
 
Android 2.3
 
 
9 GINGERBREAD
 
Android 2.2.x 8 FROYO
 
Android 2.1.x 7 ECLAIR_MR1
 
Android 2.0.1 6 ECLAIR_0_1
 
Android 2.0 5 ECLAIR
 
Android 1.6 4 DONUT
 
Android 1.5 3 CUPCAKE
 
Android 1.1 2 BASE_1_1
 
Android 1.0 1 BASE
 
  
 +
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+ API revision
 +
|-
 +
! Platform Version !! API Level !! VERSION_CODE
 +
|-
 +
| Android 6.0 || 23 || MARSHMALLOW
 +
|-
 +
| Android 5.1 || 22 || LOLLIPOP_MR1
 +
|-
 +
| Android 5.0 || 21 || LOLLIPOP
 +
|-
 +
| Android 4.4W || 20 || KITKAT_WATCH KitKat for Wearables Only
 +
|-
 +
| Android 4.4 || 19 || KITKAT
 +
|-
 +
| Android 4.3 || 18 || JELLY_BEAN_MR2
 +
|-
 +
| Android 4.2, 4.2.2 || 17 || JELLY_BEAN_MR1
 +
|-
 +
| Android 4.1, 4.1.1 || 16 || JELLY_BEAN
 +
|-
 +
| Android 4.0.3, 4.0.4 || API Level adalah nilai integer yang secara unik mengidentifikasi revisi API kerangka kerja yang ditawarkan oleh versi platform Android.15 || ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1
 +
|-
 +
| Android 4.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.2 || 14 || ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH
 +
|-
 +
| Android 3.2 || 13 || HONEYCOMB_MR2
 +
|-
 +
| Android 3.1.x || 12 || HONEYCOMB_MR1
 +
|-
 +
| Android 3.0.x || 11 || HONEYCOMB
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.3.4 ||  ||
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.3.3 ||  ||
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.3.2 || 10 || GINGERBREAD_MR1
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.3.1 ||  ||
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.3 || 9 || GINGERBREAD
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.2.x || 8 || FROYO
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.1.x || 7 || ECLAIR_MR1
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.0.1 || 6 || ECLAIR_0_1
 +
|-
 +
| Android 2.0 || 5 || ECLAIR
 +
|-
 +
| Android 1.6 || 4 || DONUT
 +
|-
 +
| Android 1.5 || 3 || CUPCAKE
 +
|-
 +
| Android 1.1 || 2 || BASE_1_1
 +
|-
 +
| Android 1.0 || 1 || BASE
 +
|}
  
 
==Referensi==
 
==Referensi==
  
 
* https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_overview.htm
 
* https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_overview.htm

Latest revision as of 10:27, 8 June 2022

Apakah Android?

Android adalah Sistem Operasi open source dan berbasis Linux untuk perangkat mobile seperti smartphone dan komputer tablet. Android dikembangkan oleh Open Handset Alliance, dipimpin oleh Google, dan perusahaan lain.

Android menawarkan pendekatan terpadu untuk pengembangan aplikasi untuk perangkat seluler yang berarti pengembang hanya perlu mengembangkan untuk Android, dan aplikasi mereka harus dapat berjalan di berbagai perangkat yang didukung oleh Android.

Versi beta pertama dari Android Software Development Kit (SDK) dirilis oleh Google pada tahun 2007 di mana sebagai versi komersial pertama, Android 1.0, dirilis pada bulan September 2008.

Pada tanggal 27 Juni 2012, pada konferensi Google I/O, Google mengumumkan versi Android berikutnya, 4.1 Jelly Bean. Jelly Bean adalah pembaruan tambahan, dengan tujuan utama untuk meningkatkan antarmuka pengguna, baik dari segi fungsionalitas maupun kinerja.

Source code untuk Android tersedia di bawah lisensi perangkat lunak sumber terbuka dan gratis. Google menerbitkan sebagian besar kode di bawah Lisensi Apache versi 2.0 dan sisanya, kernel Linux berubah, di bawah GNU General Public License versi 2.

Why Android ?

Why android.jpg

Fitur Android

Android adalah sistem operasi yang kuat yang bersaing dengan Apple 4GS dan mendukung fitur-fitur hebat. Beberapa dari mereka tercantum di bawah ini

Features of Android
Sr.No. Feature Description
1 Beautiful UI Android OS basic screen provides a beautiful and intuitive user interface.
2 Connectivity GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, EV-DO, UMTS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LTE, NFC and WiMAX.
3 Storage SQLite, a lightweight relational database, is used for data storage purposes.
4 Media support H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AMR-WB, AAC, HE-AAC, AAC 5.1, MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP.
5 Messaging SMS and MMS
6 Web browser Based on the open-source WebKit layout engine, coupled with Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine supporting HTML5 and CSS3.
7 Multi-touch Android has native support for multi-touch which was initially made available in handsets such as the HTC Hero.
8 Multi-tasking User can jump from one task to another and same time various application can run simultaneously.
9 Resizable widgets Widgets are resizable, so users can expand them to show more content or shrink them to save space.
10 Multi-Language Supports single direction and bi-directional text.
11 GCM Google Cloud Messaging (GCM) is a service that lets developers send short message data to their users on Android devices, without needing a proprietary sync solution.
12 Wi-Fi Direct A technology that lets apps discover and pair directly, over a high-bandwidth peer-to-peer connection.
13 Android Beam A popular NFC-based technology that lets users instantly share, just by touching two NFC-enabled phones together.

Aplikasi Android

Aplikasi Android biasanya dikembangkan dalam bahasa Java menggunakan Android Software Development Kit.

Setelah dikembangkan, aplikasi Android dapat dikemas dengan mudah dan terjual habis baik melalui store seperti Google Play, SlideME, Opera Mobile Store, Mobango, F-droid dan Amazon Appstore.

Android mendukung ratusan juta perangkat seluler di lebih dari 190 negara di seluruh dunia. Ini adalah basis terpasang terbesar dari semua platform seluler dan berkembang pesat. Setiap hari lebih dari 1 juta perangkat Android baru diaktifkan di seluruh dunia.

Tutorial ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk mengajari kita cara mengembangkan dan mengemas aplikasi Android. Kami akan mulai dari pengaturan lingkungan untuk pemrograman aplikasi Android dan kemudian menelusuri untuk melihat berbagai aspek aplikasi Android.

Kategori dari Aplikasi Android

Ada banyak aplikasi android di pasaran. Kategori teratas adalah

Categories

History Android

Nama code android berkisar dari A sampai N saat ini, seperti Aestro, Blender, Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread, Honeycomb, Ice Cream Sandwitch, Jelly Bean, KitKat, Lollipop dan Marshmallow. Mari kita memahami sejarah android secara berurutan.


Jistory

Apakah API level?

API Level adalah nilai integer yang secara unik mengidentifikasi revisi API kerangka kerja yang ditawarkan oleh versi platform Android.


API revision
Platform Version API Level VERSION_CODE
Android 6.0 23 MARSHMALLOW
Android 5.1 22 LOLLIPOP_MR1
Android 5.0 21 LOLLIPOP
Android 4.4W 20 KITKAT_WATCH KitKat for Wearables Only
Android 4.4 19 KITKAT
Android 4.3 18 JELLY_BEAN_MR2
Android 4.2, 4.2.2 17 JELLY_BEAN_MR1
Android 4.1, 4.1.1 16 JELLY_BEAN
Android 4.0.3, 4.0.4 API Level adalah nilai integer yang secara unik mengidentifikasi revisi API kerangka kerja yang ditawarkan oleh versi platform Android.15 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1
Android 4.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.2 14 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH
Android 3.2 13 HONEYCOMB_MR2
Android 3.1.x 12 HONEYCOMB_MR1
Android 3.0.x 11 HONEYCOMB
Android 2.3.4
Android 2.3.3
Android 2.3.2 10 GINGERBREAD_MR1
Android 2.3.1
Android 2.3 9 GINGERBREAD
Android 2.2.x 8 FROYO
Android 2.1.x 7 ECLAIR_MR1
Android 2.0.1 6 ECLAIR_0_1
Android 2.0 5 ECLAIR
Android 1.6 4 DONUT
Android 1.5 3 CUPCAKE
Android 1.1 2 BASE_1_1
Android 1.0 1 BASE

Referensi