Difference between revisions of "Instalasi KVM"

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(New page: Prerequisites You will need (see download section): * qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz * kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2 (if you want/need to compile kernel modules yourself) * A VT capable...)
 
 
(10 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
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Prerequisites
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==Prasyarat==
  
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You will need (see download section):
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kita akan membutuhkan
  
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    * qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz
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* qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz
−
    * kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2 (if you want/need to compile kernel modules yourself)
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* kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2 (jika kita membutuhkan untuk mengcompile module itu sendiri)
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    * A VT capable Intel processor, or an SVM capable AMD processor
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* Intel processor yang punya VT, atau AMD processor dengan kemampuan SVM
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    * qemu prerequisites:
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* qemu prasyarat:
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          o `zlib` libraries and headers
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o `zlib` library dan header
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          o `SDL` libraries and headers
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o `SDL` library dan header
−
          o `alsa` libraries and headers (optional alsa support: disabled by default but can be enabled with --enable-alsa)
+
o `alsa` library dan header (optional alsa support: disabled by default but can be enabled with --enable-alsa)
−
          o `gnutls` libraries and headers (optional VNC TLS support: enabled by default but can be disabled with --disable-vnc-tls)
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o `gnutls` libraries and headers (optional VNC TLS support: enabled by default but can be disabled with --disable-vnc-tls)
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          o kernel headers (on Fedora, the kernel-devel package)  
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o kernel headers (on Fedora, the kernel-devel package)  
  
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On a debian etch system you can install the prerequisites with:
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Di Debian etch atau Ubuntu 10.10
  
 
  apt-get install gcc libsdl1.2-dev zlib1g-dev libasound2-dev linux-kernel-headers pkg-config libgnutls-dev libpci-dev
 
  apt-get install gcc libsdl1.2-dev zlib1g-dev libasound2-dev linux-kernel-headers pkg-config libgnutls-dev libpci-dev
  
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Note: When building from git, you also need gawk.
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Jika membuat dari git, kita juga akan membutuhkan gawk
  
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Please report problems (and successes) to the mailing list.
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==Membuka dan mengkonfigurasi komponen KVM==
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[edit]
 
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Unpacking and configuring kvm components
 
  
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You may wish to take a look at the ["Kernel-optimizations"] page. There exists a [attachment:kvm-26-alt-grab.diff.gz patch] which will change the SDL keygrab combination from ctrl-alt to ctrl-alt-shift. It was written primarily to deal with the heavy use of ctrl-alt-delete in NT-based VMs.
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Lakukan
  
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If you are using a recent kernel (2.6.25+) with kvm modules included, boot into it, and:
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cp qemu-kvm-0.13.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
 +
cd /usr/local/src/
 +
tar zxvf qemu-kvm-0.13.0.tar.gz
 +
cd /usr/local/src/qemu-kvm-0.13.0/
 +
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kvm
 +
make
 +
sudo make install
 +
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
 +
# atau: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd
  
−
tar xzf qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz
+
Jika kita menggunakan kernel yang tua, atau kernel dari distribusi tanpa modul KVM, kita harus mengcompile module itu sendiri:
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cd qemu-kvm-release
 
−
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kvm
 
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make
 
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sudo make install
 
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sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
 
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# or: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd
 
  
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If you're using an older kernel, or a kernel from your distribution without the kvm modules, you'll have to compile the modules yourself:
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tar xjf kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2
 +
cd kvm-kmod-release
 +
./configure
 +
make
 +
sudo make install
 +
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
 +
# atau: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd
  
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tar xjf kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2
+
Catatan: jika souned tidak jalan di VM guest, kita dapat menambahkan --audio-drv-list="alsa oss" ke ./configure seperti di jelaskan di http://www.linux-kvm.com/content/sound-problem-solved
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cd kvm-kmod-release
 
−
./configure
 
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make
 
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sudo make install
 
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sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
 
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# or: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd
 
  
−
Note: if sound doesn't play in the guest vm you can add --audio-drv-list="alsa oss" to ./configure as explained in http://www.linux-kvm.com/content/sound-problem-solved
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==Membuat Disk Image untuk Guest==
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[edit]
 
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Creating a disk image for the guest
 
  
 
/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G  
 
/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G  
  
  
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[edit]
+
==Install Sistem Operasi Guest==
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Installing a guest operating system
 
  
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sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda vdisk.img -cdrom /path/to/boot-media.iso \
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sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda vdisk.img -cdrom /path/to/boot-media.iso -boot d  -m 384
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  -boot d  -m 384
 
  
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(kvm doesn't make a distinction between i386 and x86_64 so even in i386 you should use `qemu-system-x86_64`)BR
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kvm tidak membedakan antara i386 dan x86_64 oleh karenanya meskipun i386 kita harus harus menggunakan `qemu-system-x86_64`)
  
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If you have less than 1GB of memory don't use the -m 384 flag (which allocates 384 MB of RAM for the guest). For computers with 512MB of RAM it's safe to use -m 192, or even -m 128 (the default)
+
Jika kita mempunyai memory < 1GB jangan menggunakan flag -m 384 (yang akan mengalokasikan RAM 384 MB kepada guest). Untuk komputer dengan RAM 512MB akan aman menggunakan -m 192, atau bahkan -m 128 (default)
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[edit]
 
−
Running the newly-installed guest
 
  
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sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 vdisk.img -m 384
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==Menjalankan guest yang baru di install==
  
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or a slightly more complicated example, where it is assumed that bridged networking is available on tap0; see ["Kernel-optimizations"] for some setup hints:
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sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 vdisk.img -m 384
  
−
/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda xp-curr.img -m 512 -soundhw es1370 -no-acpi -snapshot -localtime -boot c -usb -usbdevice tablet -net nic,vlan=0,macaddr=00:00:10:52:37:48 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0,script=no
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atau sedikit rumit, dengan mengasumsikan network bridging tersedia di tap0; lihat ["Kernel-optimizations"] untuk sedikit contoh setup:
  
−
(kvm doesn't make a distinction between i386 and x86_64 so even in i386 you should use `qemu-system-x86_64`)
+
/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda xp-curr.img -m 512 -soundhw es1370 -no-acpi -snapshot -localtime -boot c -usb -usbdevice tablet -net nic,vlan=0,macaddr=00:00:10:52:37:48 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0,script=no
  
−
If you're on Debian Etch, substitute `kvm` for `qemu-system-x86_64` (thanks to fromport, soren and mael_). See also the entries under the label "Ubuntu" on the HOWTO page. qemu-system-x86_64`
+
(kvm tidak membedakan antara i386 dan x86_64 oleh karenanya i386 sebaiknya menggunakan `qemu-system-x86_64`)
 +
 
 +
Jika kita menggunakan Debian Etch, ganti `kvm` untuk `qemu-system-x86_64`. See also the entries under the label "Ubuntu" on the HOWTO page. qemu-system-x86_64`
  
 
If you're on Fedora/RHEL/CentOS (and installed a kvm package and not built kvm yourself from source) then substitute qemu-kvm for qemu-system-x86_64  
 
If you're on Fedora/RHEL/CentOS (and installed a kvm package and not built kvm yourself from source) then substitute qemu-kvm for qemu-system-x86_64  
Line 80: Line 76:
 
==Referensi==
 
==Referensi==
  
 +
* http://sourceforge.net/projects/kvm/files/
 
* http://www.linux-kvm.org
 
* http://www.linux-kvm.org
 
* http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/HOWTO1
 
* http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/HOWTO1

Latest revision as of 06:58, 8 February 2015

Prasyarat

kita akan membutuhkan

  • qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz
  • kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2 (jika kita membutuhkan untuk mengcompile module itu sendiri)
  • Intel processor yang punya VT, atau AMD processor dengan kemampuan SVM
  • qemu prasyarat:
o `zlib` library dan header
o `SDL` library dan header
o `alsa` library dan header (optional alsa support: disabled by default but can be enabled with --enable-alsa)
o `gnutls` libraries and headers (optional VNC TLS support: enabled by default but can be disabled with --disable-vnc-tls)
o kernel headers (on Fedora, the kernel-devel package)

Di Debian etch atau Ubuntu 10.10 

apt-get install gcc libsdl1.2-dev zlib1g-dev libasound2-dev linux-kernel-headers pkg-config libgnutls-dev libpci-dev

Jika membuat dari git, kita juga akan membutuhkan gawk

Membuka dan mengkonfigurasi komponen KVM

Lakukan 

cp qemu-kvm-0.13.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
cd /usr/local/src/
tar zxvf qemu-kvm-0.13.0.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/qemu-kvm-0.13.0/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kvm
make
sudo make install
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
# atau: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd

Jika kita menggunakan kernel yang tua, atau kernel dari distribusi tanpa modul KVM, kita harus mengcompile module itu sendiri: 

tar xjf kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2
cd kvm-kmod-release 
./configure
make 
sudo make install 
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel 
# atau: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd

Catatan: jika souned tidak jalan di VM guest, kita dapat menambahkan --audio-drv-list="alsa oss" ke ./configure seperti di jelaskan di http://www.linux-kvm.com/content/sound-problem-solved

Membuat Disk Image untuk Guest

/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G


Install Sistem Operasi Guest

sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda vdisk.img -cdrom /path/to/boot-media.iso -boot d  -m 384

kvm tidak membedakan antara i386 dan x86_64 oleh karenanya meskipun i386 kita harus harus menggunakan `qemu-system-x86_64`)

Jika kita mempunyai memory < 1GB jangan menggunakan flag -m 384 (yang akan mengalokasikan RAM 384 MB kepada guest). Untuk komputer dengan RAM 512MB akan aman menggunakan -m 192, atau bahkan -m 128 (default)

Menjalankan guest yang baru di install

sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 vdisk.img -m 384

atau sedikit rumit, dengan mengasumsikan network bridging tersedia di tap0; lihat ["Kernel-optimizations"] untuk sedikit contoh setup: 

/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda xp-curr.img -m 512 -soundhw es1370 -no-acpi -snapshot -localtime -boot c -usb -usbdevice tablet -net nic,vlan=0,macaddr=00:00:10:52:37:48 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0,script=no

(kvm tidak membedakan antara i386 dan x86_64 oleh karenanya i386 sebaiknya menggunakan `qemu-system-x86_64`)

Jika kita menggunakan Debian Etch, ganti `kvm` untuk `qemu-system-x86_64`. See also the entries under the label "Ubuntu" on the HOWTO page. qemu-system-x86_64`

If you're on Fedora/RHEL/CentOS (and installed a kvm package and not built kvm yourself from source) then substitute qemu-kvm for qemu-system-x86_64


Referensi

Pranala Menarik

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