Difference between revisions of "OpenSSL: set SSL untuk https di Ubuntu"

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Sertificate & key akan di letakan di directory /etc/apache2/ssl
 
Sertificate & key akan di letakan di directory /etc/apache2/ssl
  
Step Three Configure Apache to Use SSL
+
==Step 3 Konfigurasi Apache untuk menggunakan SSL==
  
Now that we have our certificate and key available, we can configure Apache to use these files in a virtual host file. You can learn more about how to set up Apache virtual hosts here.
+
Kita menggunakan default-ssl.conf, edit,
 
 
Instead of basing our configuration file off of the 000-default.conf file in the sites-available subdirectory, we're going to base this configuration on the default-ssl.conf file that contains some default SSL configuration.
 
 
 
Open the file with root privileges now:
 
  
 
  sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf
 
  sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf
  
With the comments removed, the file looks something like this:
+
Tampilan file adalah sebagai berikut,
  
 
  <IfModule mod_ssl.c>
 
  <IfModule mod_ssl.c>
Line 89: Line 85:
 
  </IfModule>
 
  </IfModule>
  
This may look a bit complicated, but luckily, we don't need to worry about most of the options here.
+
Kita perlu mengedit
  
We want to set the normal things we'd configure for a virtual host (ServerAdmin, ServerName, ServerAlias, DocumentRoot, etc.) as well as change the location where Apache looks for the SSL certificate and key.
+
* ServerAdmin
 +
* ServerName
 +
* ServerAlias
 +
* DocumentRoot
 +
* Ubah lokasi
 +
* Ubah SSL certificate & key
  
In the end, it will look something like this. The entries in red were modified from the original file:
+
Tampilan sesudah di ubah,
  
 
  <IfModule mod_ssl.c>
 
  <IfModule mod_ssl.c>
 
     <VirtualHost _default_:443>
 
     <VirtualHost _default_:443>
         ServerAdmin admin@example.com
+
         ServerAdmin '''admin@example.com'''
         ServerName your_domain.com
+
         ServerName '''your_domain.com:443'''
         ServerAlias www.your_domain.com
+
         ServerAlias '''www.your_domain.com:443'''
 
         DocumentRoot /var/www/html
 
         DocumentRoot /var/www/html
 
         ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
 
         ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
 
         CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
 
         CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
 
         SSLEngine on
 
         SSLEngine on
         SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt
+
         SSLCertificateFile '''/etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt'''
         SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key
+
         SSLCertificateKeyFile '''/etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key'''
 
         <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
 
         <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
 
                         SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
 
                         SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
Line 119: Line 120:
 
  </IfModule>
 
  </IfModule>
  
Save and exit the file when you are finished.
 
 
Step Four — Activate the SSL Virtual Host
 
  
Now that we have configured our SSL-enabled virtual host, we need to enable it.
+
==Step 4 — Aktifkan SSL Virtual Host==
  
We can do this by typing:
+
Enable SSL virtual host & reload apache, ketik
  
 
  sudo a2ensite default-ssl.conf
 
  sudo a2ensite default-ssl.conf
 
We then need to restart Apache to load our new virtual host file:
 
 
 
  sudo service apache2 restart
 
  sudo service apache2 restart
  
This should enable your new virtual host, which will serve encrypted content using the SSL certificate you created.
+
==Step 5 — Test Setup==
 
 
Step Five — Test your Setup
 
 
 
Now that you have everything prepared, you can test your configuration by visiting your server's domain name or public IP address after specifying the https:// protocol, like this:
 
 
 
https://server_domain_name_or_IP
 
 
 
You will get a warning that your browser cannot verify the identity of your server because it has not been signed by one of the certificate authorities that it trusts.
 
 
 
apache ssl warning
 
 
 
This is expected since we have self-signed our certificate. While our certificate will not validate our server for our users because it has had no interaction with a trusted certificate authority, it will still be able to encrypt communication.
 
 
 
Since this is expected, you can hit the "Proceed anyway" button or whatever similar option you have in your browser.
 
 
 
You will now be taken to content in the DocumentRoot that you configured for your SSL virtual host. This time your traffic is encrypted. You can check this by clicking on the lock icon in the menu bar:
 
 
 
apache ssl encrypted
 
 
 
You can see in the middle green section that the connection is encrypted.
 
Conclusion
 
 
 
You should now have SSL enabled on your website. This will help to secure communication between visitors and your site, but it will warn each user that the browser cannot verify the validity of the certificate.
 
 
 
If you are planning on launching a public site and need SSL, you will be better off purchasing an SSL certificate from a trusted certificate authority.
 
 
 
If you want to learn more about how to configure Apache, click here. Check out this link for more ideas on how to secure your Linux server.
 
By Justin Ellingwood
 
jellingwood
 
Justin Ellingwood
 
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39 Comments
 
Log In to Comment
 
 
 
rapidfoxx May 11, 2014
 
Your tutorial is really nice and thanks for that,
 
 
 
But could you/someone please explain the following if possible,
 
Still trying to learn this stuff :)
 
 
 
 
 
                        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
 
 
 
     
 
 
                        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
 
 
       
 
BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \
 
                        nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
 
                        downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
 
BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown
 
 
 
Romeygraphics May 14, 2014
 
would you be kind enough to do this tut with Comodo PositiveSSL
 
 
 
Files I have
 
 
 
AddTrustExternalCARoot
 
COMODORSAAddTrustCA
 
COMODORSADomainValidationSecureServerCA
 
Mydomain_com
 
 
 
 
 
Please!!!! help thank you
 
 
 
RinkuY January 27, 2015
 
 
 
Keep Try !
 
 
 
    jellingwood MOD January 28, 2015
 
 
 
    @Romeygraphics: We have a guide on how to use commercial SSL certificates here. In the comments, you'll see how to combine your certificate files into a single chained file here.
 
 
 
    Hope that helps.
 
    How To Install an SSL Certificate from a Commercial Certificate Authority
 
    This tutorial will show you how to acquire and install an SSL certificate from a trusted, commercial Certificate Authority (CA). SSL certificates allow web servers to encrypt their traffic, and also offer a mechanism to validate server identities to their visitors. The...
 
 
 
mityukov June 4, 2014
 
After fgollowing this guide I've got "SSL protocol error".
 
 
 
This error has gone away after appending ":433" to the server name and alias:
 
--
 
    ServerName your_domain.com:443
 
    ServerAlias www.your_domain.com:433
 
--
 
 
 
derek June 9, 2014
 
I have purchased SSL from GeoTrust. Now is there any tutorial to configure it? or what can I do to install it?
 
 
 
hnwebdesign5 June 10, 2014
 
This is a great tutorial, but could you do one on how to install a ssl certificate that was actually purchased? Please!
 
 
 
asb MOD June 10, 2014
 
@hnwebdesign5: It will be more or less the same using a cert that you purchased from a CA. The only difference is that you should replace:
 
 
 
SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt
 
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
with the cert provided by you CA:
 
 
 
SSLCertificateFile /path/to/your/ssl.crt                         
 
SSLCertificateKeyFile /path/to/your/private.key                       
 
SSLCertificateChainFile /path/to/your/bundle.pem
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
@derek: GeoTrust also has their own documentation:
 
 
 
http://www.geotrust.com/support/video/install-ssl-certificates-apache.html
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 +
Browse ke
  
 +
https://ip-address-server
  
 +
Anda akan memperoleh warning karena menggunakan self-signed certificate.
 +
Ini tidak apa2
  
 
==Referensi==
 
==Referensi==
  
 
* https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-ssl-certificate-on-apache-for-ubuntu-14-04
 
* https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-ssl-certificate-on-apache-for-ubuntu-14-04

Latest revision as of 16:47, 7 June 2017

sumber: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-ssl-certificate-on-apache-for-ubuntu-14-04

Pengantar

TLS, atau transport layer security, dan pendahulunya SSL, secure socket layer, adalah protokol keamanan yang dibuat untuk menempatkan lalu lintas normal dalam bungkus terenkripsi yang dilindungi.

Protokol ini memungkinkan lalu lintas dikirim dengan aman di antara pihak-pihak yang berjauhan tanpa kemungkinan lalu lintas dicegat dan dibaca oleh seseorang di tengahnya. Mereka juga berperan dalam memvalidasi identitas domain dan server di seluruh internet dengan membuat server sebagai terpercaya dan asli oleh otoritas sertifikat.

Dalam panduan ini, kami akan membahas cara membuat sertifikat SSL yang ditandatangani sendiri untuk Apache di server Ubuntu terbaru, yang memungkinkan Anda mengenkripsi lalu lintas ke server Anda. Meskipun ini tidak memberikan manfaat validasi pihak ketiga terhadap identitas server Anda, namun ini memenuhi persyaratan orang-orang yang hanya ingin mentransfer informasi dengan aman.

Catatan: Anda mungkin ingin mempertimbangkan untuk menggunakan Let's Encrypt daripada self-signed certificatei. Let's Encrypt adalah otoritas sertifikat baru yang mengeluarkan sertifikat SSL / TLS gratis yang dipercaya di kebanyakan browser web. Simak tutorialnya untuk memulai: Cara Mengamankan Apache dengan Let's Encrypt di Ubuntu 14.04

Kebutuhan

Install apache

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apache2

Step 1 - Aktifkan SSL Module

Aktifkan SSL & restart apache

sudo a2enmod ssl
sudo service apache2 restart

Step 2 - buat self-sign SSL certificate

Buat folder SSL & buat self-signed certificate

sudo mkdir /etc/apache2/ssl
sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key -out /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt

Artinya

  • openssl - perintah untuk operasi SSL
  • req - X.509 certificate signing request (CSR)
  • X.509 - self-signed
  • nodes - key file tidak perlu di amankan dengan passphrase
  • days 365 - valid untuk 1 tahun
  • newkey rsa:2048: buat CSR dan private key bersamaan. RSA key panjangnya 2048 bit.
  • keyout: nama outfile dari private key yang dibuat.
  • out: nama certificate file yang dibuat.

Setelah tekan "ENTER", ada beberapa pertanyaan / jawaban yang perlu dilakukan dalam proses adalah,

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:US
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:New York
Locality Name (eg, city) []:New York City
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Your Company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Department of Kittens
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:your_domain.com
Email Address []:your_email@domain.com

Sertificate & key akan di letakan di directory /etc/apache2/ssl

Step 3 — Konfigurasi Apache untuk menggunakan SSL

Kita menggunakan default-ssl.conf, edit,

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf

Tampilan file adalah sebagai berikut,

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
    <VirtualHost _default_:443>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        DocumentRoot /var/www/html
        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
        SSLEngine on
        SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
        <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
                        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
        </FilesMatch>
        <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
                        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
        </Directory>
        BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \
                        nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
                        downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
        BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown
    </VirtualHost>
</IfModule>

Kita perlu mengedit

  • ServerAdmin
  • ServerName
  • ServerAlias
  • DocumentRoot
  • Ubah lokasi
  • Ubah SSL certificate & key

Tampilan sesudah di ubah,

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
    <VirtualHost _default_:443>
        ServerAdmin admin@example.com
        ServerName your_domain.com:443
        ServerAlias www.your_domain.com:443
        DocumentRoot /var/www/html
        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
        SSLEngine on
        SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key
        <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
                        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
        </FilesMatch>
        <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
                        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
        </Directory>
        BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \
                        nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
                        downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
        BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown
    </VirtualHost>
</IfModule>


Step 4 — Aktifkan SSL Virtual Host

Enable SSL virtual host & reload apache, ketik

sudo a2ensite default-ssl.conf
sudo service apache2 restart

Step 5 — Test Setup

Browse ke

https://ip-address-server

Anda akan memperoleh warning karena menggunakan self-signed certificate. Ini tidak apa2

Referensi