View source for NaGIOS 4: UBUNTU 20.04 instalasi NaGIOS

Sumber: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-nagios-4-and-monitor-your-servers-on-ubuntu-18-04


Nagios adalah sistem pemantauan open-source yang populer. Nagios menjaga inventory server anda dan memonitor mereka sehingga anda tahu layanan penting anda sudah up dan running. Menggunakan sistem pemantauan seperti Nagios adalah tool penting untuk lingkungan produksi apa pun, karena dengan memantau waktu kerja, penggunaan CPU, atau disk space, anda dapat mencegah masalah sebelum terjadi, atau sebelum pengguna anda menghubungi anda.

Disini kita akan menginstalasi Nagios 4 dan mengkonfigurasinya agar kita dapat memonitor resource host di interface web Nagios. Kita juga akan mensetup Nagios Remote Plugin Executor (NRPE), yang akan berjalan sebagai agent remote host sehingga kita dapat memonitor resource-nya.


==Kebutuhan==

* Dua Ubuntu 20.04 server dengan user root privige. Firewall dengan ufw.
** Server dengan Nagios akan di sebut Nagios server.
** Server tanpa Nagios akan di sebut Ubuntu server.
* Nagios Server akan menjalakan Apache dan PHP.

Nagios Server biasanya di jalankan di belakang Firewall atau VPN. Jika di jalankan di IP Public anda harus lebih serius menginstalasi TLS/SSL dll. Tutorial ini berasumsi, Nagios server di belakang Firewall.

==Step 1 — Installing Nagios 4==

Login ke Nagios server,

    ssh username@your_nagios_server_ip

Instalasi aplikasi pendukung,

 sudo apt update
 sudo apt -y install autoconf gcc libc6 make wget unzip apache2 php libapache2-mod-php libgd-dev
 # sudo apt -y install autoconf gcc make unzip libgd-dev libmcrypt-dev libssl-dev dc snmp libnet-snmp-perl gettext

Download source code terakhir Nagios (misalnya),

 cd /usr/local/src/
 wget -O nagioscore.tar.gz https://github.com/NagiosEnterprises/nagioscore/archive/nagios-4.4.6.tar.gz
 tar xzf nagioscore.tar.gz
 cd /usr/local/src/nagioscore-nagios-4.4.6/

Run script & specify Apache config directory:

 sudo su
 cd /usr/local/src/nagioscore-nagios-4.4.6/
 sudo ./configure --with-httpd-conf=/etc/apache2/sites-enabled


Catatan: jika kita menggunakan email server postfix, ada baiknya di tambah --with-mail=/usr/sbin/sendmail

Compile & install Nagios,

 cd /usr/local/src/nagioscore-nagios-4.4.6/
 sudo make all
 sudo make install-groups-users
 sudo make install
 sudo make install-daemoninit
 sudo make install-commandmode
 sudo make install-config

Konfigurasi apache

 sudo make install-webconf
 sudo a2enmod rewrite
 sudo a2enmod cgi
 sudo usermod -a -G nagios www-data

Konfigurasi & masukan _PASSWORD_ untuk user nagiosadmin (untuk user lain, nagiosadmin bisa di ganti)

 sudo htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

Catatan: edit /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg ubah nagiosadmin ke useranda jika tidak menggunakan nagiosadmin.

Restart Apache,

 sudo systemctl restart apache2

==Step 2 — Installing Nagios Plugins==

Kita perlu menginstalasi Nagios plugin, ada sekitar 50 plugin untuk memonitor berbagai hal seperti uptime, disk usage, swap usage, NTP dll. Download plugin,

 sudo su
 cd /usr/local/src
 curl -L -O https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.3.3.tar.gz
 tar zxf nagios-plugins-2.3.3.tar.gz
 cd /usr/local/src/nagios-plugins-2.3.3


Konfigurasi & instalasi:

 cd /usr/local/src/nagios-plugins-2.3.3
 ./configure
 sudo make
 sudo make install

==Step 3 — Installing the check_nrpe Plugin==

Nagios me-monitor remote host menggunakan Nagios Remote Plugin Executor (NRPE). NRPE terdiri dari dua bagian,

* check_nrpe plugin (di admin console) yang digunakan di Nagios server.
* NRPE daemon, di remote host dan mengirimkan data ke Nagios server.

Optional untuk mencari kesiapan libssl-dev

 apt -y install apt-file
 apt-file update
 apt-file search libssl | grep libssl-dev
 apt-file search libssl | grep /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
 apt-file search ssl | grep /usr/bin/openssl

Install libssl-dev

 apt -y install  libssl-dev

Download,

 sudo su
 cd /usr/local/src
 curl -L -O https://github.com/NagiosEnterprises/nrpe/releases/download/nrpe-4.0.3/nrpe-4.0.3.tar.gz
 tar zxf nrpe-4.0.3.tar.gz
 cd /usr/local/src/nrpe-4.0.3

Konfigurasi dan install check_nrpe plugin:

 sudo su
 cd /usr/local/src/nrpe-4.0.3
 ./configure --with-ssl=/usr/bin/openssl --with-ssl-lib=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
 sudo make check_nrpe
 sudo make install-plugin

==Step 4 — Konfigurasi Nagios server==

Konfigurasi awal Nagios, meliputi proses editing beberapa file konfigurasi. Kita hanya perlu melakukannya satu kali di Nagios server.

'''Edit nagios.cfg'''

 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

Temukan di /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
 
 ...
 #cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers
 ...

Buang # di depan cfg_dir, menjadi

 cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/servers

Buat directory tersebut. Ini akan menyimpan file konfigurasi untuk setiap server yang kita monitor,

 sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers

'''Edit contact'''

 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

Ubah email dengan email kita di /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

 ...
 define contact{
        contact_name nagiosadmin     ; Short name of user
        use          generic-contact ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)
        alias        Nagios Admin    ; Full name of user
        email        your_email@your_domain.com  ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******
 ...




'''Edit commands.cfg''''

Untuk menambahkan new command ke konfigurasi Nagios. 


 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

Tambahkan di /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

 ...
 define command{
         command_name check_nrpe
         command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
 }

Restart Nagios

 sudo systemctl start nagios

==Step 5 — Akses Nagios Web==

Akses ke

 http://nagios_server_public_ip/nagios.

 username nagiosadmin
 password yangkitasetsebelumnya

Untuk melihat host yang di monitor, kita bisa klik menu

  Current Status > Hosts

Terlihat default Nagios hanya memonitor localhost

==Step 6 — Installing Nagios Plugin & NRPE Daemon di Server yang di monitor==

Untuk memonitor sebuah server, kita perlu menginstalasi Nagios Remote Plugin Executor (NRPE) di remote host tersebit, install plugin, dan konfigurasi Nagios server.

Login server yang akan di monitor,

 ssh onno@your_monitored_server_ip

Buat user nagios yang akan menjalankan NRPE agent,

 sudo useradd nagios

Install aplikasi pendukung,

 sudo apt update
 sudo apt -y install autoconf gcc libmcrypt-dev make libssl-dev wget dc build-essential gettext

Download Nagios Plugins,

 sudo su
 cd /usr/local/src
 curl -L -O https://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.3.3.tar.gz
 tar zxf nagios-plugins-2.3.3.tar.gz
 cd /usr/local/src/nagios-plugins-2.3.3

Compile & install

 ./configure
 sudo make
 sudo make install

Install NRPE daemon,

 cd /usr/local/src
 curl -L -O https://github.com/NagiosEnterprises/nrpe/releases/download/nrpe-4.0.3/nrpe-4.0.3.tar.gz
 tar zxf nrpe-4.0.3.tar.gz
 cd /usr/local/src/nrpe-4.0.3

Configure & Install NRPE:

 cd /usr/local/src/nrpe-4.0.3
 ./configure
 sudo make nrpe
 sudo make install-daemon
 sudo make install-config
 sudo make install-init

Untuk ujicoba kita akan monitor penggunan harddisk. Contoh,

 df -h /

Akan keluar,

 Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
 /dev/sda2        40G  5.0G   33G  14% /

Edit /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

Kita perlu menembukan dan mengubah,

 server_address: Set to the private IP address of the monitored server.
 allowed_hosts: Add the private IP address of your Nagios server to the comma-delimited list.
 command[check_hda1]: Change /dev/hda1 to whatever your root filesystem is called.

Locate these settings and alter them appropriately:


 /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

 ...
 server_address=second_ubuntu_server_private_ip
 ...
 allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,::1,your_nagios_server_private_ip
 ...
 command[check_sda2]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2
 ...

Start NRPE,

 sudo systemctl start nrpe.service

Pastikan running,

 sudo systemctl status nrpe.service

output kira2,

 ...
 Aug 01 06:28:31 client systemd[1]: Started Nagios Remote Plugin Executor.
 Aug 01 06:28:31 client nrpe[8021]: Starting up daemon
 Aug 01 06:28:31 client nrpe[8021]: Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 5666.
 Aug 01 06:28:31 client nrpe[8021]: Server listening on :: port 5666.
 Aug 01 06:28:31 client nrpe[8021]: Listening for connections on port 5666
 Aug 01 06:28:31 client nrpe[8021]: Allowing connections from: 127.0.0.1,::1,165.22.212.38

Buka port 5666 di firewall,

 sudo ufw allow 5666/tcp

Cek komunikasi ke remote NRPE server dari Admin Console (Nagios Server),

 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H second_ubuntu_server_ip

Output,

 NRPE v4.0.3

==Step 7 — Monitoring Hosts dengan Nagios==

Tambahkan host yang akan di monitor Nagios, edit

 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/your_monitored_server_host_name.cfg
 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/192.168.0.155.cfg

Edit file /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/your_monitored_server_host_name.cfg

 define host {
         use                             linux-server
         host_name                       your_monitored_server_host_name
         alias                           My client server
         address                         your_monitored_server_private_ip
         max_check_attempts              5
         check_period                    24x7
         notification_interval           30
         notification_period             24x7
 }

Tambahkan service yang di monitor

 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/your_monitored_server_host_name.cfg
 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/192.168.0.155.cfg

 define service {
         use                             generic-service
         host_name                       your_monitored_server_host_name
         service_description             Load average
         check_command                   check_nrpe!check_load
 }

Cek Disk

 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/your_monitored_server_host_name.cfg
 sudo vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/servers/192.168.0.155.cfg

 define service {
         use                             generic-service
         host_name                       your_monitored_server_host_name
         service_description             /dev/sda2 free space
         check_command                   check_nrpe!check_sda2
 }


Save & Quit.

Restart,

 sudo systemctl restart nagios


Tunggu beberapa menit, cek kembali ke Nagios Web.

==Referensi==

* https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-nagios-4-and-monitor-your-servers-on-ubuntu-18-04


==Pranala Menarik==

* [[NaGIOS]]